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Strong Coupling Constants of the Doubly Heavy ΞQQ\Xi_{QQ} Baryons with π\pi Meson


A. R. Olamaei1,4, K. Azizi2,3,4, S. Rostami5
1 Department of Physics, Jahrom University, Jahrom, P.  O.  Box 74137-66171, Iran
2 Department of Physics, University of Tehran, North Karegar Ave. Tehran 14395-547, Iran
3 Department of Physics, Doǧuş University, Acibadem-Kadiköy, 34722 Istanbul, Turkey
4 School of Particles and Accelerators, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM),
P. O. Box 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran
5 Department of Physics, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Lavizan, Tehran 16788, Iran

The doubly charmed Ξcc++(ccu)\Xi_{cc}^{++}(ccu) state is the only listed baryon in PDG, which was discovered in the experiment. The LHCb collaboration gets closer to discovering the second doubly charmed baryon Ξcc+(ccd)\Xi_{cc}^{+}(ccd), hence the investigation of the doubly charmed/bottom baryons from many aspects is of great importance that may help us not only get valuable knowledge on the nature of the newly discovered states, but also in the search for other members of the doubly heavy baryons predicted by the quark model. In this context, we investigate the strong coupling constants among the Ξcc+(+)\Xi_{cc}^{+(+)} baryons and π0(±)\pi^{0(\pm)} mesons by means of light cone QCD sum rule. Using the general forms of the interpolating currents of the Ξcc+(+)\Xi_{cc}^{+(+)} baryons and the distribution amplitudes (DAs) of the π\pi meson, we extract the values of the coupling constants gΞccΞccπg_{\Xi_{cc}\Xi_{cc}\pi}. We extend our analyses to calculate the strong coupling constants among the partner baryons with π\pi mesons, as well, and extract the values of the strong couplings gΞbbΞbbπg_{\Xi_{bb}\Xi_{bb}\pi} and gΞbcΞbcπg_{\Xi_{bc}\Xi_{bc}\pi}. The results of this study may help experimental groups in the analyses of the data related to the strong coupling constants among the hadronic multiplets.

1 INTRODUCTION

The search for doubly heavy baryons and determination of their properties constitute one of the main directions of the research in the experimental and theoretical high energy physics. There is only one doubly charmed baryon, Ξcc++\Xi_{cc}^{++}, listed in the PDG. The searches for other members of the doubly heavy baryons in the experiments, as the natural outcomes of the quark model, are in progress. Theoretical investigations on properties of the doubly heavy baryons, are necessary as their results can help us better understand their structure and the dynamics of the QCD as the theory of the strong interaction.

The search for doubly heavy baryons is a long-standing issue. First evidence was reported by the SELEX experiment for Ξcc++\Xi_{cc}^{++} decaying into Λc+Kπ+\Lambda_{c}^{+}K^{-}\pi^{+} and pD+KpD^{+}K^{-} in final states [1, 2]. The mass measured by SELEX, averaged over the two decay modes, was found to be 3518.7±1.7MeV/c23518.7\pm 1.7~{}\text{MeV}/c^{2}. However, this has not been confirmed by any other experiments so far. The FOCUS [3], BaBar [4], LHCb [5] and Belle [6] experiments did not find any evidence up to 2017. In 2017, the doubly charmed baryon Ξcc++\Xi^{++}_{cc} was observed by the LHCb collaboration via the decay channel Ξcc++Λc+Kπ+π\Xi^{++}_{cc}\rightarrow\Lambda_{c}^{+}K^{-}\pi^{+}\pi^{−} [7], and confirmed via measuring another decay channel Ξcc++Ξc+π+\Xi^{++}_{cc}\rightarrow\Xi^{+}_{c}\pi^{+} [8]. The weighted average of its mass for the two decay modes was determined to be 3621.24±0.65(stat.)±0.31(syst.)MeV/c23621.24\pm 0.65(\text{stat.})\pm 0.31(\text{syst.})~{}\text{MeV}/c^{2}. Recently, with a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb1\mbox{fb}^{-1} at the centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV, the LHCb Collaboration published the results of a search for the doubly charmed baryon Ξcc+\Xi^{+}_{cc} [9]. The upper limit of the ratio of the production cross-sections between the Ξcc+\Xi^{+}_{cc} and Λc+\Lambda_{c}^{+} baryons times the branching fraction of the Ξcc++Λc+Kπ+\Xi^{++}_{cc}\rightarrow\Lambda_{c}^{+}K^{-}\pi^{+} decay, was improved by an order of magnitude than the previous search. However, still no significant signal is observed in the mass range from 3.43.4 to 3.8GeV/c23.8~{}\text{GeV}/c^{2}. Future LHCb searches with further improved trigger conditions, additional Ξcc+\Xi^{+}_{cc} decay modes, and larger data samples should significantly increase the Ξcc+\Xi^{+}_{cc} signal sensitivity.

Theoretical studies on the properties and nature of the doubly heavy baryons can play an important role in searching for other members and help us get useful knowledge on the internal structures of the observed resonances. There have been many theoretical efforts aimed at understanding the properties of the doubly-heavy baryon states, see e.g. Refs. [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38]. However, most researches are focused on the mass and weak decays of the doubly heavy baryons and the number of studies dedicated to their strong decays and the strong couplings of these baryons with other hadrons is very limited. In this context, we investigate the strong coupling constants among the doubly heavy Ξcc\Xi_{cc}/Ξbb\Xi_{bb}/Ξbc\Xi_{bc} baryons and π\pi mesons. We use the well established non-perturbtive method of light cone QCD sum rule (LCSR) (for more about this method see, e.g., [39, 40, 41, 42, 43] and references therein) as a powerful theoretical tool to calculate the coupling constants under study. In the calculations, we use the general forms of the interpolating currents for Ξcc\Xi_{cc}, Ξbc\Xi_{bc} and Ξbb\Xi_{bb} baryons and DAs of the pions.

The outline of the paper is as follows. In Sec. 2, the light cone sum rules for the coupling constants of the doubly heavy baryons with π\pi mesons are obtained. In Sec. 3, we present the numerical results and discussions, and Sec. 4 is reserved for our conclusions.

2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

The starting point is to choose a suitable correlation function (CF) in terms of hadronic currents sandwiched between the QCD vacuum and the on-shell pseudoscalar meson (here the pion). The QCD vacuum interacts via vacuum fluctuations with the initial and final states and leads to non-perturbative contributions to the final results via the quark-quark, quark-gluon and gluon-gluon condensates. The DAs of π\pi meson also contain non-perturbative information.

To calculate the physical observables like strong coupling constants, we have to calculate the CF in the large timelike momenta by inserting the full set of hadronic states in the CF and isolating the ground state from the continuum and excited states. On the other hand, in QCD or theoretical side, we need to study the CF in the large space-like momenta via the operator product expansion (OPE) that separates the perturbative and non-perturbative contributions in terms of different operators and distribution amplitudes of the particles under consideration. Thus, in QCD side, by contracting the hadronic currents in terms of quark fields we write the CF in terms of the light and heavy quarks propagators as well as wavefunctions of the considered meson in xx-space. To proceed, we perform the Fourier transformation to transfer the calculations to the momentum space. To suppress the unwanted contributions coming from the higher states and continuum, we apply the Borel transformation as well as continuum subtraction, supplied by the quark-hadron duality assumption. The two representations of the same CF are then connected to each other via dispersion integrals. These procedures introduce some auxiliary parameters to the calculations, which are then fixed based on the standard prescriptions of the method.

Correlation Function

In order to calculate the strong coupling constants among doubly heavy baryons and light pseudoscalar π\pi meson, we start our discussion by considering the following light-cone correlation function:

Π(p,q)=id4xeipx𝒫(q)|𝒯{η(x)η¯(0)}|0,\displaystyle\Pi(p,q)=i\int d^{4}xe^{ipx}\left<{\cal P}(q)|{\cal T}\left\{\eta(x)\bar{\eta}(0)\right\}|0\right>~{}, (1)

where 𝒫(q){\cal P}(q) denotes the pseudoscalar mesons of momentum qq, 𝒯{\cal T} is the time ordering operator, and η\eta represents the interpolating currents of the doubly heavy baryons. The general expressions of the interpolating currents for the spin–1/2 doubly heavy baryons in their symmetric and antisymmetric forms can be written as

ηS\displaystyle\eta^{S} =\displaystyle= 12ϵabc{(QaTCqb)γ5Qc+(QaTCqb)γ5Qc+t(QaTCγ5qb)Qc+t(QaTCγ5qb)Qc},\displaystyle\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\epsilon_{abc}\Bigg{\{}(Q^{aT}Cq^{b})\gamma_{5}Q^{\prime c}+(Q^{\prime aT}Cq^{b})\gamma_{5}Q^{c}+t(Q^{aT}C\gamma_{5}q^{b})Q^{\prime c}+t(Q^{\prime aT}C\gamma_{5}q^{b})Q^{c}\Bigg{\}},
ηA\displaystyle\eta^{A} =\displaystyle= 16ϵabc{2(QaTCQb)γ5qc+(QaTCqb)γ5Qc(QaTCqb)γ5Qc+2t(QaTCγ5Qb)qc\displaystyle\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}\epsilon_{abc}\Bigg{\{}2(Q^{aT}CQ^{\prime b})\gamma_{5}q^{c}+(Q^{aT}Cq^{b})\gamma_{5}Q^{\prime c}-(Q^{\prime aT}Cq^{b})\gamma_{5}Q^{c}+2t(Q^{aT}C\gamma_{5}Q^{\prime b})q^{c} (2)
+\displaystyle+ t(QaTCγ5qb)Qct(QaTCγ5qb)Qc},\displaystyle t(Q^{aT}C\gamma_{5}q^{b})Q^{\prime c}-t(Q^{\prime aT}C\gamma_{5}q^{b})Q^{c}\Bigg{\}},

where tt is an arbitrary auxiliary parameter and the case, t=1t=-1 corresponds to the Ioffe current. Here Q()Q^{(^{\prime})} and qq stand for the heavy and light quarks respectively; aa, bb, and cc are the color indices, CC stands for the charge conjugation operator and TT denotes the transposition. For the doubly heavy baryons with two identical heavy quarks, the antisymmetric form of the interpolating current is zero and we just need to employ the symmetric form, ηS\eta^{S}. In the following, we calculate the correlation function in Eq. 1 in two different windows.

Physical Side

To obtain the physical side of correlation function, we insert complete sets of hadronic states with the same quantum numbers as the interpolating currents and isolate the ground state. After performing the integration over four-xx, we get

ΠPhys.(p,q)=0|η|B2(p)B2(p)𝒫(q)|B1(p+q)B1(p+q)|η¯|0(p2m12)[(p+q)2m22]+,\displaystyle\Pi^{\text{Phys.}}(p,q)=\frac{\langle 0|\eta|B_{2}(p)\rangle\langle B_{2}(p){\cal P}(q)|B_{1}(p+q)\rangle\langle B_{1}(p+q)|\bar{\eta}|0\rangle}{(p^{2}-m_{1}^{2})[(p+q)^{2}-m_{2}^{2}]}+\cdots~{}, (3)

where dots in the above equation stand for the contribution of the higher states and continuum. To proceed we introduce the matrix elements for spin-1/2 baryons as

0|η|B2(p,r)\displaystyle\langle 0|\eta|B_{2}(p,r)\rangle =\displaystyle= λB2u(p,r),\displaystyle\lambda_{B_{2}}u(p,r)~{},
B1(p+q,s)|η¯|0\displaystyle\langle B_{1}(p+q,s)|\bar{\eta}|0\rangle =\displaystyle= λB1u¯(p+q,s),\displaystyle\lambda_{B_{1}}\bar{u}(p+q,s)~{},
B2(p,r)𝒫(q)|B1(p+q,s)\displaystyle\langle B_{2}(p,r){\cal P}(q)|B_{1}(p+q,s)\rangle =\displaystyle= gB1B2𝒫u¯(p,r)γ5u(p+q,s),\displaystyle g_{B_{1}B_{2}{\cal P}}\bar{u}(p,r)\gamma_{5}u(p+q,s)~{}, (4)

where gB1B2𝒫g_{B_{1}B_{2}{\cal P}}, representing the strong decay B1B2𝒫B_{1}\rightarrow B_{2}{\cal P}, is the strong coupling constant among the baryons B1B_{1} and B2B_{2} as well as the 𝒫{\cal P} meson, λB1\lambda_{B_{1}} and λB2\lambda_{B_{2}} are the residues of the corresponding baryons and u(q,s)u(q,s) is Dirac spinor with spin ss. Putting the above equations all together, and performing summation over spins, we get the following representation of the correlator for the phenomenological side:

ΠPhys.(p,q)=gB1B2𝒫λB1λB2(p2mB22)[(p+q)2mB12][/q/pγ5+],\displaystyle\Pi^{\text{Phys.}}(p,q)=\frac{g_{B_{1}B_{2}{\cal P}}\lambda_{B_{1}}\lambda_{B_{2}}}{(p^{2}-m_{B_{2}}^{2})[(p+q)^{2}-m_{B_{1}}^{2}]}[\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}q\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}p\gamma_{5}+\cdots~{}], (5)

where dots represent other structures come from spin summation as well as the contributions of higher states and continuum. We will use the explicitly presented structure to extract the value of the strong coupling constant, gB1B2𝒫g_{B_{1}B_{2}{\cal P}}. We apply the double Borel transformation with respect to the variables p12=(p+q)2p^{2}_{1}=(p+q)^{2} and p22=p2p^{2}_{2}=p^{2}:

p1(M12)p2(M22)ΠPhys.(p,q)\displaystyle{\cal B}_{p_{1}}(M_{1}^{2}){\cal B}_{p_{2}}(M_{2}^{2})\Pi^{\text{Phys.}}(p,q) \displaystyle\equiv ΠPhys.(M2)\displaystyle\Pi^{\text{Phys.}}(M^{2}) (6)
=\displaystyle= gB1B2𝒫λB1λB2emB12/M12emB22/M22/q/pγ5+,\displaystyle g_{B_{1}B_{2}{\cal P}}\lambda_{B_{1}}\lambda_{B_{2}}e^{-m_{B_{1}}^{2}/M_{1}^{2}}e^{-m_{B_{2}}^{2}/M_{2}^{2}}\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}q\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}p\gamma_{5}~{}+\cdots~{},

where M2=M12M22/(M12+M22)M^{2}=M^{2}_{1}M^{2}_{2}/(M^{2}_{1}+M^{2}_{2}) and the Borel parameters M12M^{2}_{1} and M22M^{2}_{2} for the problem under consideration are chosen to be equal as the masses of the initial and final state baryons are the same. Hence M12=M22=2M2M^{2}_{1}=M^{2}_{2}=2M^{2}.

QCD Side

In QCD side, the correlation function is calculated in deep Euclidean region with the help of OPE. To proceed, we need to determine the correlation function using the quark propagators and distribution amplitudes of the π\pi meson. The ΠQCD(p,q)\Pi^{QCD}(p,q) can be written in the following general form:

ΠQCD(p,q)=Π((p+q)2,p2)/q/pγ5+,\Pi^{\text{QCD}}(p,q)=\Pi\big{(}(p+q)^{2},p^{2}\big{)}\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}q\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}p\gamma_{5}+\cdots~{}, (7)

where the Π((p+q)2,p2)\Pi\big{(}(p+q)^{2},p^{2}\big{)} is an invariant function that should be calculated in terms of QCD degrees of freedom as well as the parameters inside the DAs.

Inserting, for instance, ηS\eta^{S} in the CF and using the Wick theorem to contract all the heavy quark fields we get the following expression in terms of the heavy quark propagators and π\pi meson matrix elements:

ΠρσQCD(p,q)\displaystyle\Pi^{\text{QCD}}_{\rho\sigma}(p,q) =\displaystyle= i2ϵabcϵabcd4xeiq.xπ(q)|q¯αc(0)qβc(x)|0{[(S~Qaa(x))αβ(γ5SQbb(x)γ5)ρσ\displaystyle\frac{i}{2}\epsilon_{abc}\epsilon_{a^{\prime}b^{\prime}c^{\prime}}\int d^{4}xe^{iq.x}\langle\pi(q)|\bar{q}^{c^{\prime}}_{\alpha}(0)q^{c}_{\beta}(x)|0\rangle\Bigg{\{}\Bigg{[}\Big{(}\tilde{S}^{aa^{\prime}}_{Q}(x)\Big{)}_{\alpha\beta}\Big{(}\gamma_{5}S^{bb^{\prime}}_{Q^{\prime}}(x)\gamma_{5}\Big{)}_{\rho\sigma} (8)
+\displaystyle+ (γ5SQbb(x)C)ρα(CSQaa(x)γ5)βσ+t{(γ5S~Qaa(x))αβ(γ5SQbb(x))ρσ\displaystyle\Big{(}\gamma_{5}S_{Q^{\prime}}^{bb^{\prime}}(x)C\Big{)}_{\rho\alpha}\Big{(}CS^{aa^{\prime}}_{Q}(x)\gamma_{5}\Big{)}_{\beta\sigma}+t\Big{\{}\Big{(}\gamma_{5}\tilde{S}_{Q}^{aa^{\prime}}(x)\Big{)}_{\alpha\beta}\Big{(}\gamma_{5}S^{bb^{\prime}}_{Q^{\prime}}(x)\Big{)}_{\rho\sigma}
+\displaystyle+ (S~Qaa(x)γ5)αβ(SQbb(x)γ5)ρσ+(γ5SQbb(x)Cγ5)ρα(CSQaa(x))βσ\displaystyle\Big{(}\tilde{S}_{Q}^{aa^{\prime}}(x)\gamma_{5}\Big{)}_{\alpha\beta}\Big{(}S^{bb^{\prime}}_{Q^{\prime}}(x)\gamma_{5}\Big{)}_{\rho\sigma}+\Big{(}\gamma_{5}S_{Q^{\prime}}^{bb^{\prime}}(x)C\gamma_{5}\Big{)}_{\rho\alpha}\Big{(}CS^{aa^{\prime}}_{Q}(x)\Big{)}_{\beta\sigma}
\displaystyle- (SQbb(x)C)ρα(γ5CSQaa(x)γ5)βσ}+t2{(γ5S~Qaa(x)γ5)αβ(SQbb(x))ρσ\displaystyle\Big{(}S_{Q^{\prime}}^{bb^{\prime}}(x)C\Big{)}_{\rho\alpha}\Big{(}\gamma_{5}CS^{aa^{\prime}}_{Q}(x)\gamma_{5}\Big{)}_{\beta\sigma}\Big{\}}+t^{2}\Big{\{}\Big{(}\gamma_{5}\tilde{S}_{Q}^{aa^{\prime}}(x)\gamma_{5}\Big{)}_{\alpha\beta}\Big{(}S^{bb^{\prime}}_{Q^{\prime}}(x)\Big{)}_{\rho\sigma}
\displaystyle- (SQbb(x)Cγ5)ρα(γ5CSQaa(x))βσ}]+(QQ)},\displaystyle\Big{(}S_{Q^{\prime}}^{bb^{\prime}}(x)C\gamma_{5}\Big{)}_{\rho\alpha}\Big{(}\gamma_{5}CS^{aa^{\prime}}_{Q}(x)\Big{)}_{\beta\sigma}\Big{\}}\Bigg{]}+\Bigg{(}Q\longleftrightarrow Q^{\prime}\Bigg{)}\Bigg{\}},

where S~=CSTC\tilde{S}=CS^{T}C, and π(q)|q¯αb(0)qβb(x)|0\langle\pi(q)|\bar{q}^{b^{\prime}}_{\alpha}(0)q^{b}_{\beta}(x)|0\rangle are the matrix elements for the light quark contents of the doubly heavy baryons. To proceed, we need to know the explicit expression for the heavy quark propagator that is

SQ(x)\displaystyle S_{Q}(x) =\displaystyle= mQ24π2K1(mQx2)x2imQ2/x4π2x2K2(mQx2)\displaystyle{m_{Q}^{2}\over 4\pi^{2}}{K_{1}(m_{Q}\sqrt{-x^{2}})\over\sqrt{-x^{2}}}-i{m_{Q}^{2}\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}{x}\over 4\pi^{2}x^{2}}K_{2}(m_{Q}\sqrt{-x^{2}})
\displaystyle- igsd4k(2π)4eikx01𝑑u[/k+mQ2(mQ2k2)2Gμν(ux)σμν+umQ2k2xμGμνγν]+,\displaystyle ig_{s}\int{d^{4}k\over(2\pi)^{4}}e^{-ikx}\int_{0}^{1}du\Bigg{[}{\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}k+m_{Q}\over 2(m_{Q}^{2}-k^{2})^{2}}G^{\mu\nu}(ux)\sigma_{\mu\nu}+{u\over m_{Q}^{2}-k^{2}}x_{\mu}G^{\mu\nu}\gamma_{\nu}\Bigg{]}+...~{},

where K1K_{1} and K2K_{2} are the modified Bessel functions of the second kind, and GabμνGAμνtabAG_{ab}^{\mu\nu}\equiv G_{A}^{\mu\nu}t_{ab}^{A} with A=1, 28A=1,\,2\,\ldots 8, and tA=λA/2t^{A}=\lambda^{A}/2, where λA\lambda^{A} are the Gell-Mann matrices. The first two terms correspond to perturbative or free part and the rest belong to the interacting parts.

The next step is to use the heavy quark propagator and the matrix elements π(q)|q¯αb(0)qβb(x)|0\langle\pi(q)|\bar{q}^{b^{\prime}}_{\alpha}(0)q^{b}_{\beta}(x)|0\rangle in Eq. 8. This leads to different kinds of contributions to the CF. Figs. 1 and 2 are the Feynman diagrams correspond to the leading and next-to-leading order contributions, respectively which are considered in this work. Only matrix elements corresponding to these diagrams are available. To calculate the leading order contribution, the heavy quark propagators are replaced by just their perturbative parts. This contribution can be computed using π\pi meson two-particle DAs of twist two and higher.

Refer to caption
Figure 1: The leading order diagram contributing to QCD side.
Refer to caption
Figure 2: The one-gluon exchange diagrams corresponding to the next-to-leading contributions.

The next-to-leading order contributions can also be calculated by choosing the gluonic parts in Eq. 2 for one of the heavy quark propagators and leaving the other with its perturbative term. They can be expressed in terms of pion three particles DAs. The terms involving more than one gluon field that proportional to four-particle DAs or more are neglected as they are not available

Now, we concentrate on the strong decay Ξcc++Ξcc++π0\Xi_{cc}^{++}\rightarrow\Xi_{cc}^{++}\pi^{0} with the aim of calculating the corresponding strong coupling constant gΞcc++Ξcc++π0g_{\Xi_{cc}^{++}\Xi_{cc}^{++}\pi^{0}}. The other channels have similar procedures. To proceed, we replace the heavy quark propagators in 8 by their explicit expression and perform the summation over the color indices by applying the replacement

u¯αa(x)uβa(0)13δaau¯α(x)uβ(0).\overline{u}_{\alpha}^{a}(x)u_{\beta}^{a^{\prime}}(0)\rightarrow\frac{1}{3}\delta_{aa^{\prime}}\overline{u}_{\alpha}(x)u_{\beta}(0). (10)

Now, using the expression

u¯α(u)uβ(0)14ΓβαJu¯(x)ΓJu(0),\overline{u}_{\alpha}(u)u_{\beta}(0)\equiv\frac{1}{4}\Gamma_{\beta\alpha}^{J}\overline{u}(x)\Gamma^{J}u(0), (11)

one can relate the CF to the DAs of the pion with different twists. Here the summation over JJ runs as

ΓJ=𝟏,γ5,γμ,iγ5γμ,σμν/2.\Gamma^{J}=\mathbf{1,\ }\gamma_{5},\ \gamma_{\mu},\ i\gamma_{5}\gamma_{\mu},\ \sigma_{\mu\nu}/\sqrt{2}. (12)

Following the similar way one can calculate the contributions involving the gluon field.

As a result, the CF is found in terms of the QCD parameters as well as the matrix elements

π0(q)|u¯(x)ΓJu(0)|0,\displaystyle\langle\pi^{0}(q)|\overline{u}(x)\Gamma^{J}u(0)|0\rangle,
π0(q)|u¯(x)ΓJGμν(vx)u(0)|0,\displaystyle\langle\pi^{0}(q)|\overline{u}(x)\Gamma^{J}G_{\mu\nu}(vx)u(0)|0\rangle, (13)

whose expressions in terms of the wave functions of the pion with different twists are given in the Appendix.

Inserting the expression of the above-mentioned matrix elements in term of wave functions of different twists we get the CF in xx space. This is followed by the Fourier and Borel transformations as well as continuum subtraction. To proceed we need to perform the Fourier transformation of the following kind:

T[,α,αβ](p,q)\displaystyle T_{[~{}~{},\alpha,\alpha\beta]}(p,q) =\displaystyle= id4x01𝑑v𝒟αeip.x(x2)n[ei(αq¯+vαg)q.x𝒢(αi),eiq.xf(u)]\displaystyle i\int d^{4}x\int_{0}^{1}dv\int{\cal D}\alpha e^{ip.x}\big{(}x^{2}\big{)}^{n}[e^{i(\alpha_{\bar{q}}+v\alpha_{g})q.x}\mathcal{G}(\alpha_{i}),e^{iq.x}f(u)] (14)
×\displaystyle\times [1,xα,xαxβ]Kμ(mQx2)Kν(mQx2),\displaystyle[1,x_{\alpha},x_{\alpha}x_{\beta}]K_{\mu}(m_{Q}\sqrt{-x^{2}})K_{\nu}(m_{Q}\sqrt{-x^{2}}),

where the expressions in the brackets denote different possibilities arise in the calculations, the blank subscript in the left hand side indicates no indices regarding no xαx_{\alpha} in the configuration, 𝒢(αi)\mathcal{G}(\alpha_{i}) and f(u)f(u) represent wave functions coming from the three and two-particle matrix elements and nn is a positive integer. The measure

𝒟α=01𝑑αq01𝑑αq¯01𝑑αgδ(1αqαq¯αg),\int\mathcal{D}\alpha=\int_{0}^{1}d\alpha_{q}\int_{0}^{1}d\alpha_{\bar{q}}\int_{0}^{1}d\alpha_{g}\delta(1-\alpha_{q}-\alpha_{\bar{q}}-\alpha_{g}),

is used in the calculations. To start the Fourier transformation, we use

(x2)n=(1)ndndβn(eβx2)|β=0.(x^{2})^{n}=(-1)^{n}\frac{d^{n}}{d\beta^{n}}\big{(}e^{-\beta x^{2}}\big{)}\arrowvert_{\beta=0}. (15)

for positive integer nn and

xαeiP.x=(i)ddPαeiP.x.\displaystyle x_{\alpha}e^{iP.x}=(-i)\frac{d}{dP^{\alpha}}e^{iP.x}. (16)

We also use the following representation of the Bessel functions KνK_{\nu} (see also Ref. [44]):

Kν(mQx2)=Γ(ν+1/2)2νπmQν0𝑑tcos(mQt)(x2)ν(t2x2)ν+1/2.K_{\nu}(m_{Q}\sqrt{-x^{2}})=\frac{\Gamma(\nu+1/2)~{}2^{\nu}}{\sqrt{\pi}m_{Q}^{\nu}}\int_{0}^{\infty}dt~{}\cos(m_{Q}t)\frac{(\sqrt{-x^{2}})^{\nu}}{(t^{2}-x^{2})^{\nu+1/2}}. (17)

As an example let us consider the following generic form:

𝒵αβ(p,q)\displaystyle{\cal Z}_{\alpha\beta}(p,q) =\displaystyle= id4x01𝑑v𝒟αei[p+(αq¯+vαg)q].x𝒢(αi)(x2)n\displaystyle i\int d^{4}x\int_{0}^{1}dv\int{\cal D}\alpha e^{i[p+(\alpha_{\bar{q}}+v\alpha_{g})q].x}\mathcal{G}(\alpha_{i})\big{(}x^{2}\big{)}^{n} (18)
×\displaystyle\times xαxβKμ(mQx2)Kν(mQx2).\displaystyle x_{\alpha}x_{\beta}K_{\mu}(m_{Q}\sqrt{-x^{2}})K_{\nu}(m_{Q}\sqrt{-x^{2}}).

We substitute Eqs. 15, 16 and 17 into 18. Then to perform the xx-integration we go to the Euclidean space by Wick rotation and get

𝒵αβ(p,q)\displaystyle{\cal Z}_{\alpha\beta}(p,q) =\displaystyle= iπ22μ+ν2mQ12μmQ22ν𝒟α01𝑑v01𝑑y101𝑑y2PαPβnβn\displaystyle\frac{i\pi^{2}2^{\mu+\nu-2}}{m_{Q_{1}}^{2\mu}m_{Q_{2}}^{2\nu}}\int\mathcal{D}\alpha\int_{0}^{1}dv\int_{0}^{1}dy_{1}\int_{0}^{1}dy_{2}\frac{\partial}{\partial P_{\alpha}}\frac{\partial}{\partial P_{\beta}}\frac{\partial^{n}}{\partial\beta^{n}} (19)
×\displaystyle\times y1μ1y2ν1(y1+y2+β)2e14(mQ12y1+mQ22y2P2y1+y2+β),\displaystyle\dfrac{y_{1}^{\mu-1}y_{2}^{\nu-1}}{(y_{1}+y_{2}+\beta)^{2}}e^{-\frac{1}{4}\big{(}\frac{m_{Q_{1}}^{2}}{y_{1}}+\frac{m_{Q_{2}}^{2}}{y_{2}}-\frac{P^{2}}{y_{1}+y_{2}+\beta}\big{)}},

where P=p+q(vαg+αq)P=p+q(v\alpha_{g}+\alpha_{q}) . Changing variables from y1y_{1} and y2y_{2} to ρ\rho and zz as

ρ=y1+y2,z=y1y1+y2,~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}\rho=y_{1}+y_{2},~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}z=\frac{y_{1}}{y_{1}+y_{2}}, (20)

and taking derivative with respect to PαP_{\alpha} and PβP_{\beta}, we get

𝒵αβ(p,q)\displaystyle{\cal Z}_{\alpha\beta}(p,q) =\displaystyle= iπ22μ+ν4mQ12μmQ22ν𝒟α01𝑑v0𝑑ρ01𝑑znβnzμ1z¯ν1ρν+μ1(ρ+β)4e14(mQ12z¯+mQ22zzz¯ρ+P2β+ρ)\displaystyle\frac{i\pi^{2}2^{\mu+\nu-4}}{m_{Q_{1}}^{2\mu}m_{Q_{2}}^{2\nu}}\int\mathcal{D}\alpha\int_{0}^{1}dv\int_{0}^{\infty}d\rho\int_{0}^{1}dz\frac{\partial^{n}}{\partial\beta^{n}}z^{\mu-1}\bar{z}^{\nu-1}\frac{\rho^{\nu+\mu-1}}{(\rho+\beta)^{4}}e^{-\frac{1}{4}\big{(}\frac{m_{Q_{1}}^{2}\bar{z}+m_{Q_{2}}^{2}z}{z\bar{z}\rho}+\frac{P^{2}}{\beta+\rho}\big{)}} (21)
×\displaystyle\times [pαpβ+(vαg+αq)(pαqβ+qαpβ)+(vαg+αq)2qαqβ+2(ρ+β)gαβ].\displaystyle\Big{[}p_{\alpha}p_{\beta}+(v\alpha_{g}+\alpha_{q})(p_{\alpha}q_{\beta}+q_{\alpha}p_{\beta})+(v\alpha_{g}+\alpha_{q})^{2}q_{\alpha}q_{\beta}+2(\rho+\beta)g_{\alpha\beta}\Big{]}.

Now we perform the double Borel transformation using

p1(M12)p2(M22)eb(p+uq)2=M2δ(b+1M2)δ(u0u)eq2M12+M22,{\cal B}_{p_{1}}(M_{1}^{2}){\cal B}_{p_{2}}(M_{2}^{2})e^{b(p+uq)^{2}}=M^{2}\delta(b+\frac{1}{M^{2}})\delta(u_{0}-u)e^{\frac{-q^{2}}{M_{1}^{2}+M_{2}^{2}}}, (22)

where u0=M12/(M12+M22)u_{0}=M_{1}^{2}/(M_{1}^{2}+M_{2}^{2}). After integrating over ρ\rho we have

𝒵αβ(M2)\displaystyle{\cal Z}_{\alpha\beta}(M^{2}) =\displaystyle= iπ224μνeq2M12+M22M2mQ12μmQ22ν𝒟α01𝑑v01𝑑znβnemQ12z¯+mQ22zzz¯(M24β)zμ1z¯ν1(M24β)μ+ν1\displaystyle\frac{i\pi^{2}2^{4-\mu-\nu}e^{\frac{-q^{2}}{M_{1}^{2}+M_{2}^{2}}}}{M^{2}m_{Q_{1}}^{2\mu}m_{Q_{2}}^{2\nu}}\int\mathcal{D}\alpha\int_{0}^{1}dv\int_{0}^{1}dz\frac{\partial^{n}}{\partial\beta^{n}}e^{-\frac{m_{Q_{1}}^{2}\bar{z}+m_{Q_{2}}^{2}z}{z\bar{z}(M^{2}-4\beta)}}z^{\mu-1}\bar{z}^{\nu-1}(M^{2}-4\beta)^{\mu+\nu-1} (23)
×\displaystyle\times δ[u0(αq+vαg)][pαpβ+(vαg+αq)(pαqβ+qαpβ)+(vαg+αq)2qαqβ\displaystyle\delta[u_{0}-(\alpha_{q}+v\alpha_{g})]\Big{[}p_{\alpha}p_{\beta}+(v\alpha_{g}+\alpha_{q})(p_{\alpha}q_{\beta}+q_{\alpha}p_{\beta})+(v\alpha_{g}+\alpha_{q})^{2}q_{\alpha}q_{\beta}
+M22gαβ].\displaystyle+\frac{M^{2}}{2}g_{\alpha\beta}\Big{]}.

The next step is to perform the continuum subtraction in order to more suppress the contribution of the higher states and continuum. The subtraction procedures for different systems are described in Ref. [44] in details. When the masses of the initial and final baryonic states are equal, as we stated previously, we set M12=M22=2M2M_{1}^{2}=M_{2}^{2}=2M^{2}. In this case, the double spectral density is concentrated near the diagonal s1=s2s_{1}=s_{2} and reduces to a single representation ss (see also Ref. [45] and references therein) and for the continuum subtraction more simple expressions are derived, which are not sensitive to the shape of the duality region. For the case, M12=M22=2M2M_{1}^{2}=M_{2}^{2}=2M^{2} and u0=1/2u_{0}=1/2, the subtraction procedure is explained in Ref. [45] in details, which we use in the calculations.

By calculation of all the Fourier integrals and applying the Borel transformation and continuum subtraction, for QCD side of the calculations in Borel Scheme, we get,

ΠQCD(M2,s0,t)=[Π(0)(M2,s0,t)+Π(GG)(M2,s0,t)]/q/pγ5+,\displaystyle\Pi^{QCD}(M^{2},s_{0},t)=\big{[}\Pi^{(0)}(M^{2},s_{0},t)+\Pi^{(GG)}(M^{2},s_{0},t)\big{]}\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}q\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}p\gamma_{5}+\cdots, (24)

where the functions Π(0)(M2,s0,t)\Pi^{(0)}(M^{2},s_{0},t) and Π(GG)(M2,s0,t)\Pi^{(GG)}(M^{2},s_{0},t) are obtained as

Π(0)(M2,s0,t)\displaystyle\Pi^{(0)}(M^{2},s_{0},t) =\displaystyle= emπ24M296π2201dz1zemc2M2zz¯{3fπmπ2mc3(t21)𝔸(u0)\displaystyle\dfrac{e^{-\frac{m_{\pi}^{2}}{4M^{2}}}}{96\pi^{2}\sqrt{2}}\int_{0}^{1}dz\frac{1}{z}e^{\frac{-m_{c}^{2}}{M^{2}z\bar{z}}}\Bigg{\{}3f_{\pi}m_{\pi}^{2}m_{c}^{3}(t^{2}-1){\mathbb{A}}(u_{0})
+\displaystyle+ 2e4mc2M24mc2s0dsesM2z[3fπmπ2mc(t21)z¯𝔸(u0)\displaystyle 2e^{-\frac{4m_{c}^{2}}{M^{2}}}\int_{4m_{c}^{2}}^{s_{0}}dse^{-\frac{s}{M^{2}}}z\bigg{[}3f_{\pi}m_{\pi}^{2}m_{c}(t^{2}-1)\bar{z}{\mathbb{A}}(u_{0})
\displaystyle- 6fπmc(s4mc2)(t21)z¯φπ(u0)\displaystyle 6f_{\pi}m_{c}(s-4m_{c}^{2})(t^{2}-1)\bar{z}\varphi_{\pi}(u_{0})
\displaystyle- μπ(μ~π21)[4mc2t+3(s4mc2)(t1)2zz¯]φσ(u0)]\displaystyle\mu_{\pi}(\tilde{\mu}_{\pi}^{2}-1)\big{[}-4m_{c}^{2}t+3(s-4m_{c}^{2})(t-1)^{2}z\bar{z}\big{]}\varphi_{\sigma}(u_{0})\bigg{]}
+\displaystyle+ 6e4mc2M2(t21)4mc2s0𝑑sesM201𝑑v𝒟α\displaystyle 6e^{-\frac{4m_{c}^{2}}{M^{2}}}(t^{2}-1)\int_{4m_{c}^{2}}^{s_{0}}dse^{-\frac{s}{M^{2}}}\int_{0}^{1}dv\int\mathcal{D}\alpha
×\displaystyle\times [fπmπ2mcδ[u0(αq+vαg)](2z(v1/2)𝒜(αi)+2z¯𝒱(αi)\displaystyle\Bigg{[}f_{\pi}m_{\pi}^{2}m_{c}\delta[u_{0}-(\alpha_{q}+v\alpha_{g})]\bigg{(}-2z(v-1/2){\cal A}_{\parallel}(\alpha_{i})+2\bar{z}{\cal V}_{\perp}(\alpha_{i})
+\displaystyle+ (2z3)𝒱(αi))+2μπδ[u0(αq+vαg)](s4mc2)zz¯(v1/2)𝒯(αi)]},\displaystyle(2z-3){\cal V}_{\parallel}(\alpha_{i})\bigg{)}+2\mu_{\pi}\delta^{\prime}[u_{0}-(\alpha_{q}+v\alpha_{g})](s-4m_{c}^{2})z\bar{z}(v-1/2){\cal T}(\alpha_{i})\Bigg{]}\Bigg{\}},

and

Π(GG)(M2,s0,t)\displaystyle\Pi^{(GG)}(M^{2},s_{0},t) =\displaystyle= gs2G2emπ24M269122π2mcM601𝑑z1z2z¯4emc2M2zz¯\displaystyle\frac{\langle g_{s}^{2}G^{2}\rangle e^{-\frac{m_{\pi}^{2}}{4M^{2}}}}{6912\sqrt{2}\pi^{2}m_{c}M^{6}}\int_{0}^{1}dz\frac{1}{z^{2}\bar{z}^{4}}e^{-\frac{m_{c}^{2}}{M^{2}z\bar{z}}} (26)
×\displaystyle\times {z¯2[3fπmπ2(1t2)(6M6z2z¯4+6M4mc2zz¯3+3M2mc4z¯22mc6)𝔸(u0)\displaystyle\Bigg{\{}\bar{z}^{2}\Bigg{[}-3f_{\pi}m_{\pi}^{2}(1-t^{2})\Big{(}6M^{6}z^{2}\bar{z}^{4}+6M^{4}m_{c}^{2}z\bar{z}^{3}+3M^{2}m_{c}^{4}\bar{z}^{2}-2m_{c}^{6}\Big{)}{\mathbb{A}}(u_{0})
+\displaystyle+ 4M2mcz¯(3fπM2mc(1t2)z[2mc2+M2z¯(5z3)]φπ(u0)\displaystyle 4M^{2}m_{c}\bar{z}\Bigg{(}-3f_{\pi}M^{2}m_{c}(1-t^{2})z\big{[}2m_{c}^{2}+M^{2}\bar{z}(5z-3)\big{]}\varphi_{\pi}(u_{0})
+\displaystyle+ (μ~π21)μπ[2mc4(t2+1)+[(1+t2)(14z)6t](M2mc2z+M4z2z¯)]φσ(u0))\displaystyle(\tilde{\mu}_{\pi}^{2}-1)\mu_{\pi}\Big{[}2m_{c}^{4}\left(t^{2}+1\right)+[(1+t^{2})(1-4z)-6t](M^{2}m_{c}^{2}z+M^{4}z^{2}\bar{z})\Big{]}\varphi_{\sigma}(u_{0})\Bigg{)}
+\displaystyle+ 72fπM8(1t2)z2z¯4(1e(s04mc2)M2)φπ(u0)]\displaystyle 72f_{\pi}M^{8}(1-t^{2})z^{2}\bar{z}^{4}\Big{(}1-e^{-\frac{(s_{0}-4m_{c}^{2})}{M^{2}}}\Big{)}\varphi_{\pi}(u_{0})\Bigg{]}
+\displaystyle+ 6M2(1t)01dv𝒟α[fπmπ2(1+t)z¯3δ[u0(αq+vαg)](2mc4𝒱(αi)\displaystyle 6M^{2}(1-t)\int_{0}^{1}dv\int{\cal D}\alpha\Bigg{[}f_{\pi}m_{\pi}^{2}(1+t)\bar{z}^{3}\delta[u_{0}-(\alpha_{q}+v\alpha_{g})]\Bigg{(}2m_{c}^{4}{\cal V}_{\perp}(\alpha_{i})
+\displaystyle+ [2mc4+M2mc2(1+2z)z+M4(1+2z)z2z¯]𝒱(αi)\displaystyle\Big{[}-2m_{c}^{4}+M^{2}m_{c}^{2}(1+2z)z+M^{4}(1+2z)z^{2}\bar{z}\Big{]}{\cal V}_{\parallel}(\alpha_{i})
\displaystyle- (2v1)[mc4+M2mc2(1+2z)z+M4(1+2z)z2z¯]𝒜(αi))\displaystyle(2v-1)\Big{[}m_{c}^{4}+M^{2}m_{c}^{2}(1+2z)z+M^{4}(1+2z)z^{2}\bar{z}\Big{]}{\cal A}_{\parallel}(\alpha_{i})\Bigg{)}
+\displaystyle+ μπ(1t)(1+2v)zz¯3δ[u0(αq+vαg)](M2mc3+M4mczz¯)𝒯(αi)]}.\displaystyle\mu_{\pi}(1-t)(1+2v)z\bar{z}^{3}\delta^{\prime}[u_{0}-(\alpha_{q}+v\alpha_{g})](M^{2}m_{c}^{3}+M^{4}m_{c}z\bar{z}){\cal T}(\alpha_{i})\Bigg{]}\Bigg{\}}.

The sum rule for the coupling constant under study is found by matching the coefficients of the structure /q/pγ5\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}q\hbox to0.0pt{/\hss}p\gamma_{5} from both the physical and QCD sides. As a result, we get:

gB1B2𝒫(M2,s0,t)=1λΞccλΞccemB122M2emB222M2[Π(0)(M2,s0,t)+Π(GG)(M2,s0,t)].\displaystyle g_{B_{1}B_{2}{\cal P}}(M^{2},s_{0},t)=\frac{1}{\lambda_{\Xi_{cc}}\lambda_{\Xi_{cc}}}e^{\frac{m_{B_{1}}^{2}}{2M^{2}}}e^{\frac{m_{B_{2}}^{2}}{2M^{2}}}\big{[}\Pi^{(0)}(M^{2},s_{0},t)+\Pi^{(GG)}(M^{2},s_{0},t)\big{]}. (27)

As is seen, the sum rules for coupling constants contain the residues of doubly heavy baryons, which are borrowed from Ref.[10]. Similarly, we obtain the sum rules for other strong coupling constants under consideration.

3 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS

In this section, we numerically analyze the sum rules for the strong coupling constants of the π\pi mesons with Ξcc\Xi_{cc}, Ξbc\Xi_{bc} and Ξbb\Xi_{bb} baryons and discuss the results. The sum rules for the couplings gΞccΞccπg_{\Xi_{cc}\Xi_{cc}\pi} , gΞbcΞbcπg_{\Xi_{bc}\Xi_{bc}\pi} and gΞbbΞbbπg_{\Xi_{bb}\Xi_{bb}\pi} contain some input parameters like, quark masses the mass and decay constant of the π\pi meson and the masses and residues of doubly heavy baryons. They were extracted from experimental data or calculated from nonperturbative methods. The values of some of these parameters together with quark masses are given in Tables 1. As we previously mentioned the values of the residues of baryons are used from Ref.[10].

Parameters Values
mcm_{c} 1.27±0.02GeV1.27\pm 0.02~{}\mbox{GeV}
mbm_{b} 4.180.02+0.03GeV4.18^{+0.03}_{-0.02}~{}\mbox{GeV}
mπ0m_{\pi^{0}} 134.98MeV134.98~{}\mbox{MeV}
mπ±m_{\pi^{\pm}} 139.57MeV139.57~{}\mbox{MeV}
Ξcc\Xi_{cc} 3621.2±0.7MeV3621.2\pm 0.7~{}\mbox{MeV}
Ξbc\Xi_{bc} 6.72±0.20GeV6.72\pm 0.20~{}\mbox{GeV} [10]
Ξbb\Xi_{bb} 9.96±0.90GeV9.96\pm 0.90~{}\mbox{GeV} [10]
fπf_{\pi} 130.2±1.2MeV130.2\pm 1.2~{}\mbox{MeV}
Table 1: Some input values used in the calculations. They are mainly taken from [46], except the ones that the references are given next to the numbers.

Another set of important input parameters are the π\pi meson wavefunctions of different twists, entering the DAs. These wavefunctions are given as [47, 48]:

ϕπ(u)\displaystyle\phi_{\pi}(u) =\displaystyle= 6uu¯(1+a1πC1(2u1)+a2πC232(2u1)),\displaystyle 6u\bar{u}\Big{(}1+a_{1}^{\pi}C_{1}(2u-1)+a_{2}^{\pi}C_{2}^{3\over 2}(2u-1)\Big{)},
𝒯(αi)\displaystyle{\cal T}(\alpha_{i}) =\displaystyle= 360η3αq¯αqαg2(1+w312(7αg3)),\displaystyle 360\eta_{3}\alpha_{\bar{q}}\alpha_{q}\alpha_{g}^{2}\Big{(}1+w_{3}\frac{1}{2}(7\alpha_{g}-3)\Big{)},
ϕP(u)\displaystyle\phi_{P}(u) =\displaystyle= 1+(30η3521μπ2)C212(2u1)\displaystyle 1+\Big{(}30\eta_{3}-\frac{5}{2}\frac{1}{\mu_{\pi}^{2}}\Big{)}C_{2}^{1\over 2}(2u-1)
+\displaystyle+ (3η3w327201μπ281101μπ2a2π)C412(2u1),\displaystyle\Big{(}-3\eta_{3}w_{3}-\frac{27}{20}\frac{1}{\mu_{\pi}^{2}}-\frac{81}{10}\frac{1}{\mu_{\pi}^{2}}a_{2}^{\pi}\Big{)}C_{4}^{1\over 2}(2u-1),
ϕσ(u)\displaystyle\phi_{\sigma}(u) =\displaystyle= 6uu¯[1+(5η312η3w3720μπ235μπ2a2π)C232(2u1)],\displaystyle 6u\bar{u}\Big{[}1+\Big{(}5\eta_{3}-\frac{1}{2}\eta_{3}w_{3}-\frac{7}{20}\mu_{\pi}^{2}-\frac{3}{5}\mu_{\pi}^{2}a_{2}^{\pi}\Big{)}C_{2}^{3\over 2}(2u-1)\Big{]},
𝒱(αi)\displaystyle{\cal V}_{\parallel}(\alpha_{i}) =\displaystyle= 120αqαq¯αg(v00+v10(3αg1)),\displaystyle 120\alpha_{q}\alpha_{\bar{q}}\alpha_{g}\Big{(}v_{00}+v_{10}(3\alpha_{g}-1)\Big{)},
𝒜(αi)\displaystyle{\cal A}_{\parallel}(\alpha_{i}) =\displaystyle= 120αqαq¯αg(0+a10(αqαq¯)),\displaystyle 120\alpha_{q}\alpha_{\bar{q}}\alpha_{g}\Big{(}0+a_{10}(\alpha_{q}-\alpha_{\bar{q}})\Big{)},
𝒱(αi)\displaystyle{\cal V}_{\perp}(\alpha_{i}) =\displaystyle= 30αg2[h00(1αg)+h01(αg(1αg)6αqαq¯)+h10(αg(1αg)32(αq¯2+αq2))],\displaystyle-30\alpha_{g}^{2}\Big{[}h_{00}(1-\alpha_{g})+h_{01}(\alpha_{g}(1-\alpha_{g})-6\alpha_{q}\alpha_{\bar{q}})+h_{10}(\alpha_{g}(1-\alpha_{g})-\frac{3}{2}(\alpha_{\bar{q}}^{2}+\alpha_{q}^{2}))\Big{]},
𝒜(αi)\displaystyle{\cal A}_{\perp}(\alpha_{i}) =\displaystyle= 30αg2(αq¯αq)[h00+h01αg+12h10(5αg3)],\displaystyle 30\alpha_{g}^{2}(\alpha_{\bar{q}}-\alpha_{q})\Big{[}h_{00}+h_{01}\alpha_{g}+\frac{1}{2}h_{10}(5\alpha_{g}-3)\Big{]},
B(u)\displaystyle B(u) =\displaystyle= gπ(u)ϕπ(u),\displaystyle g_{\pi}(u)-\phi_{\pi}(u),
gπ(u)\displaystyle g_{\pi}(u) =\displaystyle= g0C012(2u1)+g2C212(2u1)+g4C412(2u1),\displaystyle g_{0}C_{0}^{\frac{1}{2}}(2u-1)+g_{2}C_{2}^{\frac{1}{2}}(2u-1)+g_{4}C_{4}^{\frac{1}{2}}(2u-1),
𝔸(u)\displaystyle{\mathbb{A}}(u) =\displaystyle= 6uu¯[1615+2435a2π+20η3+209η4+(115+116727η3w31027η4)C232(2u1)\displaystyle 6u\bar{u}\left[\frac{16}{15}+\frac{24}{35}a_{2}^{\pi}+20\eta_{3}+\frac{20}{9}\eta_{4}+\Big{(}-\frac{1}{15}+\frac{1}{16}-\frac{7}{27}\eta_{3}w_{3}-\frac{10}{27}\eta_{4}\right)C_{2}^{3\over 2}(2u-1) (28)
+\displaystyle+ (11210a2π4135η3w3)C432(2u1)]\displaystyle\Big{(}-\frac{11}{210}a_{2}^{\pi}-\frac{4}{135}\eta_{3}w_{3}\Big{)}C_{4}^{3\over 2}(2u-1)\Big{]}
+\displaystyle+ (185a2π+21η4w4)[2u3(1015u+6u2)lnu\displaystyle\Big{(}-\frac{18}{5}a_{2}^{\pi}+21\eta_{4}w_{4}\Big{)}\Big{[}2u^{3}(10-15u+6u^{2})\ln u
+\displaystyle+ 2u¯3(1015u¯+6u¯2)lnu¯+uu¯(2+13uu¯)],\displaystyle 2\bar{u}^{3}(10-15\bar{u}+6\bar{u}^{2})\ln\bar{u}+u\bar{u}(2+13u\bar{u})\Big{]},

where Cnk(x)C_{n}^{k}(x) are the Gegenbauer polynomials and

h00\displaystyle h_{00} =\displaystyle= v00=13η4,\displaystyle v_{00}=-\frac{1}{3}\eta_{4},
a10\displaystyle a_{10} =\displaystyle= 218η4w4920a2π,\displaystyle\frac{21}{8}\eta_{4}w_{4}-\frac{9}{20}a_{2}^{\pi},
v10\displaystyle v_{10} =\displaystyle= 218η4w4,\displaystyle\frac{21}{8}\eta_{4}w_{4},
h01\displaystyle h_{01} =\displaystyle= 74η4w4320a2π,\displaystyle\frac{7}{4}\eta_{4}w_{4}-\frac{3}{20}a_{2}^{\pi},
h10\displaystyle h_{10} =\displaystyle= 74η4w4+320a2π,\displaystyle\frac{7}{4}\eta_{4}w_{4}+\frac{3}{20}a_{2}^{\pi},
g0\displaystyle g_{0} =\displaystyle= 1,\displaystyle 1,
g2\displaystyle g_{2} =\displaystyle= 1+187a2π+60η3+203η4,\displaystyle 1+\frac{18}{7}a_{2}^{\pi}+60\eta_{3}+\frac{20}{3}\eta_{4},
g4\displaystyle g_{4} =\displaystyle= 928a2π6η3w3.\displaystyle-\frac{9}{28}a_{2}^{\pi}-6\eta_{3}w_{3}. (29)

The constants inside the wavefunctions are calculated at the renormalization scale of μ=1GeV2\mu=1~{}\mbox{GeV}^{2} and they are given as a1π=0a_{1}^{\pi}=0, a2π=0.44a_{2}^{\pi}=0.44, η3=0.015\eta_{3}=0.015, η4=10\eta_{4}=10, w3=3w_{3}=-3 and w4=0.2w_{4}=0.2 [47, 48].

Finally, the sum rules for the coupling constants contain three auxiliary parameters: Borel mass parameter M2M^{2}, continuum threshold s0s_{0} and the general parameter tt entered the general spin–1/21/2 currents. We should find working regions of these parameters, at which the results of coupling constants have relatively small variations with respect to the changes of these parameters. To restrict these parameters, we employ the standard prescriptions of the method such as the pole dominance, convergence of the OPE and mild variations of the physical quantities with respect to the auxiliary parameters. The upper limit of M2M^{2} is determined from the pole dominance condition, i.e.,

ΠQCD(M2,s0,t)ΠQCD(M2,,t)>12.\frac{\Pi^{QCD}(M^{2},s_{0},t)}{\Pi^{QCD}(M^{2},\infty,t)}>\frac{1}{2}. (30)

The lower limit of M2M^{2} is fixed by the condition of OPE convergence: in our case, Π(0)(M2,s0,t)>Π(GG)(M2,s0,t)\Pi^{(0)}(M^{2},s_{0},t)>\Pi^{(GG)}(M^{2},s_{0},t). The continuum threshold s0s_{0} is not totally arbitrary and it depends on the mass of the first excited state in the same channel. One has to choose the range of s0s_{0} such that it does not contain the energy for producing the first excited state. Unfortunately, there is no experimental information on the masses of the first excited states in the case of doubly heavy baryons. Based on our analyses and considering the experimental information on the single heavy baryons, we consider the interval mQQ+E1s0mQQ+E2m_{QQ}+E_{1}\leq\sqrt{s_{0}}\leq m_{QQ}+E_{2} for s0\sqrt{s_{0}}, where a energy from E1E_{1} to E2E_{2} is needed to excite the baryons, and impose that the Borel curves are flat and the requirements of the pole dominance and the OPE convergence are satisfied. With these criteria, we choose the s0s_{0} to lie in the interval (mΞQQ+0.3)2s0(mΞQQ+0.7)2(GeV2)(m_{\Xi_{QQ}}+0.3)^{2}\leq s_{0}\leq(m_{\Xi_{QQ}}+0.7)^{2}(\text{GeV}^{2}).

As a result of the above requirements, we obtain the working region of the Borel parameter for the Ξcc\Xi_{cc} channel as,

3GeV2M26GeV2.3~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}\leq M^{2}\leq 6~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}. (31)

The continuum threshold for this channel is obtained as,

16GeV2s018GeV2.16~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}\leq s_{0}\leq 18~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}. (32)

For Ξbc\Xi_{bc} baryon, we get

8GeV2M212GeV2,49GeV2s055GeV2.8~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}\leq M^{2}\leq 12~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}~{},~{}~{}~{}49~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}\leq s_{0}\leq 55~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}~{}. (33)

Finally, for Ξbb\Xi_{bb} baryon, these parameters lie in the intervals:

18GeV2M224GeV2,106GeV2s0114GeV2.18~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}\leq M^{2}\leq 24~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2},~{}~{}~{}106~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}\leq s_{0}\leq 114~{}\mbox{\rm GeV}^{2}~{}. (34)

The working window for the parameter tt is obtained by the consideration of the minimum variations of the results with respect to this parameter. By imposing this condition together with the conditions of the pole dominance and convergence of the mass sum rules the working window for tt is obtained in Ref. [10] as |t|2|t|\leq 2, which we also use in our analyses. As examples, we display the dependence of the strong coupling constant gΞcc++Ξcc++π0g_{\Xi_{cc}^{++}\Xi_{cc}^{++}\pi^{0}}, which is obtained from the sum rule for the strong coupling form factor at q2=mπ2q^{2}=m^{2}_{\pi}, with respect to M2M^{2} and s0s_{0} in Figs. 3 and 4 at t=2t=-2.

Refer to caption
Figure 3: The strong coupling gΞcc++Ξcc++π0g_{\Xi_{cc}^{++}\Xi_{cc}^{++}\pi^{0}} as a function of the Borel parameter M2M^{2} at t=2t=-2 for different values of s0s_{0}.
Refer to caption
Figure 4: The strong coupling gΞcc++Ξcc++π0g_{\Xi_{cc}^{++}\Xi_{cc}^{++}\pi^{0}} as a function of s0s_{0} at t=2t=-2 for different values of M2M^{2}.

From these figures we see mild variations of gΞccΞccπ0g_{\Xi_{cc}\Xi_{cc}\pi^{0}} with respect to the M2M^{2} and s0s_{0}, which appear as the main uncertainty in the numerical values of the strong coupling constants. We extract the numerical values of the strong couplings gΞccΞccπ0g_{\Xi_{cc}\Xi_{cc}\pi^{0}}, gΞbcΞbcπ0g_{\Xi_{bc}\Xi_{bc}\pi^{0}} and gΞbbΞbbπ0g_{\Xi_{bb}\Xi_{bb}\pi^{0}} as displayed in table  2. The presented errors are due to the changes with respect to the auxiliary parameters in their working regions as well as those which propagate from other input parameters as well as π\pi meson DAs. The values of coupling constants to the charged mesons π+\pi^{+} and π\pi^{-}, which are exactly the same from the isospin symmetry, are found by the multiplications of the strong coupling constants in π0\pi^{0} channel by 2\sqrt{2}. This coefficient is the only difference in the couplings to the quark contents of the π±\pi^{\pm} and π0\pi^{0} mesons when the isospin symmetry is used. As it is also clear from table 2, the values of the strong coupling constants in double-bb channel are roughly four times greater than those of the other channels. The big difference between the strong couplings to pseudoscalar mesons in bb and cc channels is evident in the case of single heavy baryons, as well [49]. As it can be seen from this reference, the difference factor in the case of single heavy baryons is two-three times.

Channelstrong coupling constantΞccΞccπ05.520.53+0.64ΞbcΞbcπ04.750.50+0.42ΞbbΞbbπ021.602.09+1.77\begin{array}[]{|c|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline\cr\hline\cr\mbox{Channel}&\mbox{strong coupling constant}\\ \hline\cr\hline\cr\Xi_{cc}\rightarrow\Xi_{cc}\pi^{0}&5.52^{\>+0.64}_{\>-0.53}\\ \Xi_{bc}\rightarrow\Xi_{bc}\pi^{0}&4.75^{\>+0.42}_{\>-0.50}\\ \Xi_{bb}\rightarrow\Xi_{bb}\pi^{0}&21.60^{\>+1.77}_{\>-2.09}\\ \hline\cr\hline\cr\end{array}
Table 2: The numerical values for the strong coupling constants extracted from the analyses.

4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

The doubly charmed Ξcc++(ccu)\Xi_{cc}^{++}(ccu) baryon is the only listed doubly heavy baryon in PDG discovered in the experiment so far. The LHCb collaboration gets closer to observing other member Ξcc+(ccd)\Xi_{cc}^{+}(ccd), as well. Therefore, the investigation of the doubly charmed/bottom baryons from many aspects is of great importance that may help us in the course of search for new members of the doubly heavy baryons predicted by the quark model. The strong coupling constants among the hadronic multiplets are fundamental objects that can help us to explore the nature and structure of the participating particles as well as the properties of QCD as the theory of strong interaction.

We calculated the strong coupling constants gΞccqΞccqπ0,±g_{\Xi_{ccq}\Xi_{ccq}\pi^{0,\pm}}, gΞbcqΞbcqπ0,±g_{\Xi_{bcq}\Xi_{bcq}\pi^{0,\pm}} and gΞbbqΞbbqπ0,±g_{\Xi_{bbq}\Xi_{bbq}\pi^{0,\pm}}, with qq being either uu or dd quark, in the framework of the light cone QCD sum rule and using the general form of the interpolating currents for the doubly heavy baryons and the π\pi meson’s DAs. Based on the standard prescriptions of the method, we fixed the auxiliary parameters entering the calculations. We extracted the values of the strong coupling constants at different channels. Our results may be checked via different theoretical models and approaches. The obtained results may help us in constructing the strong interaction potential among the doubly heavy baryons and the pseudoscalar mesons. Our results may also help experimental groups in analyses of the obtained related data in hadron colliders.

Appendix: The pion distribution amplitudes

In this appendix, we present explicit expressions for the DAs of the π\pi meson. For more information see Refs.  [47, 48].

π(p)|q¯(x)γμγ5q(0)|0\displaystyle\langle{\pi}(p)|\bar{q}(x)\gamma_{\mu}\gamma_{5}q(0)|0\rangle =\displaystyle= ifπpμ01𝑑ueiu¯px(φπ(u)+116mπ2x2𝔸(u))\displaystyle-if_{\pi}p_{\mu}\int_{0}^{1}due^{i\bar{u}px}\left(\varphi_{\pi}(u)+\frac{1}{16}m_{\pi}^{2}x^{2}{\mathbb{A}}(u)\right)
\displaystyle- i2fπmπ2xμpx01𝑑ueiu¯px𝔹(u),\displaystyle\frac{i}{2}f_{\pi}m_{\pi}^{2}\frac{x_{\mu}}{px}\int_{0}^{1}due^{i\bar{u}px}{\mathbb{B}}(u),
π(p)|q¯(x)iγ5q(0)|0\displaystyle\langle{\pi}(p)|\bar{q}(x)i\gamma_{5}q(0)|0\rangle =\displaystyle= μπ01𝑑ueiu¯pxφP(u),\displaystyle\mu_{\pi}\int_{0}^{1}due^{i\bar{u}px}\varphi_{P}(u),
π(p)|q¯(x)σαβγ5q(0)|0\displaystyle\langle{\pi}(p)|\bar{q}(x)\sigma_{\alpha\beta}\gamma_{5}q(0)|0\rangle =\displaystyle= i6μπ(1μ~π2)(pαxβpβxα)01𝑑ueiu¯pxφσ(u),\displaystyle\frac{i}{6}\mu_{\pi}\left(1-\tilde{\mu}_{\pi}^{2}\right)\left(p_{\alpha}x_{\beta}-p_{\beta}x_{\alpha}\right)\int_{0}^{1}due^{i\bar{u}px}\varphi_{\sigma}(u),
π(p)|q¯(x)σμνγ5gsGαβ(vx)q(0)|0\displaystyle\langle{\pi}(p)|\bar{q}(x)\sigma_{\mu\nu}\gamma_{5}g_{s}G_{\alpha\beta}(vx)q(0)|0\rangle =\displaystyle= iμπ[pαpμ(gνβ1px(pνxβ+pβxν))\displaystyle i\mu_{\pi}\left[p_{\alpha}p_{\mu}\left(g_{\nu\beta}-\frac{1}{px}(p_{\nu}x_{\beta}+p_{\beta}x_{\nu})\right)\right.
\displaystyle- pαpν(gμβ1px(pμxβ+pβxμ))\displaystyle p_{\alpha}p_{\nu}\left(g_{\mu\beta}-\frac{1}{px}(p_{\mu}x_{\beta}+p_{\beta}x_{\mu})\right)
\displaystyle- pβpμ(gνα1px(pνxα+pαxν))\displaystyle p_{\beta}p_{\mu}\left(g_{\nu\alpha}-\frac{1}{px}(p_{\nu}x_{\alpha}+p_{\alpha}x_{\nu})\right)
+\displaystyle+ pβpν(gμα1px(pμxα+pαxμ))]\displaystyle p_{\beta}p_{\nu}\left.\left(g_{\mu\alpha}-\frac{1}{px}(p_{\mu}x_{\alpha}+p_{\alpha}x_{\mu})\right)\right]
×\displaystyle\times 𝒟αei(αq¯+vαg)px𝒯(αi),\displaystyle\int{\cal D}\alpha e^{i(\alpha_{\bar{q}}+v\alpha_{g})px}{\cal T}(\alpha_{i}),
π(p)|q¯(x)γμγ5gsGαβ(vx)q(0)|0\displaystyle\langle{\pi}(p)|\bar{q}(x)\gamma_{\mu}\gamma_{5}g_{s}G_{\alpha\beta}(vx)q(0)|0\rangle =\displaystyle= pμ(pαxβpβxα)1pxfπmπ2𝒟αei(αq¯+vαg)px𝒜(αi)\displaystyle p_{\mu}(p_{\alpha}x_{\beta}-p_{\beta}x_{\alpha})\frac{1}{px}f_{\pi}m_{\pi}^{2}\int{\cal D}\alpha e^{i(\alpha_{\bar{q}}+v\alpha_{g})px}{\cal A}_{\parallel}(\alpha_{i})
+\displaystyle+ [pβ(gμα1px(pμxα+pαxμ))\displaystyle\left[p_{\beta}\left(g_{\mu\alpha}-\frac{1}{px}(p_{\mu}x_{\alpha}+p_{\alpha}x_{\mu})\right)\right.
\displaystyle- pα(gμβ1px(pμxβ+pβxμ))]fπmπ2\displaystyle p_{\alpha}\left.\left(g_{\mu\beta}-\frac{1}{px}(p_{\mu}x_{\beta}+p_{\beta}x_{\mu})\right)\right]f_{\pi}m_{\pi}^{2}
×\displaystyle\times 𝒟αei(αq¯+vαg)px𝒜(αi),\displaystyle\int{\cal D}\alpha e^{i(\alpha_{\bar{q}}+v\alpha_{g})px}{\cal A}_{\perp}(\alpha_{i}),
π(p)|q¯(x)γμigsGαβ(vx)q(0)|0\displaystyle\langle{\pi}(p)|\bar{q}(x)\gamma_{\mu}ig_{s}G_{\alpha\beta}(vx)q(0)|0\rangle =\displaystyle= pμ(pαxβpβxα)1pxfπmπ2𝒟αei(αq¯+vαg)px𝒱(αi)\displaystyle p_{\mu}(p_{\alpha}x_{\beta}-p_{\beta}x_{\alpha})\frac{1}{px}f_{\pi}m_{\pi}^{2}\int{\cal D}\alpha e^{i(\alpha_{\bar{q}}+v\alpha_{g})px}{\cal V}_{\parallel}(\alpha_{i}) (35)
+\displaystyle+ [pβ(gμα1px(pμxα+pαxμ))\displaystyle\left[p_{\beta}\left(g_{\mu\alpha}-\frac{1}{px}(p_{\mu}x_{\alpha}+p_{\alpha}x_{\mu})\right)\right.
\displaystyle- pα(gμβ1px(pμxβ+pβxμ))]fπmπ2\displaystyle p_{\alpha}\left.\left(g_{\mu\beta}-\frac{1}{px}(p_{\mu}x_{\beta}+p_{\beta}x_{\mu})\right)\right]f_{\pi}m_{\pi}^{2}
×\displaystyle\times 𝒟αei(αq¯+vαg)px𝒱(αi),\displaystyle\int{\cal D}\alpha e^{i(\alpha_{\bar{q}}+v\alpha_{g})px}{\cal V}_{\perp}(\alpha_{i}),

where

μπ=fπmπ2mu+md,μ~π=mu+mdmπ.\displaystyle\mu_{\pi}=f_{\pi}{m_{\pi}^{2}\over m_{u}+m_{d}}~{},~{}~{}~{}~{}~{}\widetilde{\mu}_{\pi}={m_{u}+m_{d}\over m_{\pi}}. (36)

Here, φπ(u),\varphi_{\pi}(u), 𝔸(u),\mathbb{A}(u), 𝔹(u),\mathbb{B}(u), φP(u),\varphi_{P}(u), φσ(u),\varphi_{\sigma}(u), 𝒯(αi),{\cal T}(\alpha_{i}), 𝒜(αi),{\cal A}_{\perp}(\alpha_{i}), 𝒜(αi),{\cal A}_{\parallel}(\alpha_{i}), 𝒱(αi){\cal V}_{\perp}(\alpha_{i}) and 𝒱(αi){\cal V}_{\parallel}(\alpha_{i}) are wave functions of definite twists.

References