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algorithm2e.sty — package for algorithms
release 5.2

(c) 1995-1997 Christophe Fiorio, Tu-Berlin, Germany
(c) 1998-2017 Christophe Fiorio, LIRMM, Montpellier University, France
Report bugs and comments to [email protected]
[email protected] mailing list for announcements
[email protected] mailing list for discussion
The author is very grateful to David Carlisle, one of the authors of the LaTeX Companion book, for his advicesMartin Blais for his suggestionsDavid A. Bader for his new option noendGilles Geeraerts for his new command SetKwIfElseIfRicardo Fukasawa for the portuguese keywordsChristian Icking for the german translation of keywordsArnaud Giersch for his suggestions and corrections on SetKwCommentsand the many users as Jean-Baptiste Rouquier for their remarks
(July 18 2017)

1 Introduction

Algorithm2e is an environment for writing algorithms in 2e. An algorithm is defined as a floating object like figures. It provides macros that allow you to create different sorts of key words, thus a set of predefined key words is given. You can also change the typography of the keywords. See section 3 for two long examples of algorithms written with this package.

You can subscribe to algorithm2e-announce mailing list to receive announcements about revisions of the package and to algorithm2e-discussion to discuss, send comments, ask questions about the package. In order to subscribe to the mailing lists you have to send an email to [email protected] with subscribe algorithm2e-announce Firstname Name or
subscribe algorithm2e-discussion Firstname Name in the body of the message.

Changes from one release to the next are indicated in release notes at the beginning of the packages. For this release (5.0), changes are indicated at the end of this document.

2 How to use it: abstract

You must set \\backslashusepackage[options]{algorithm2e} before \\backslashbegin{document} command. The available options are described in section 7.

The optional arguments [Hhtbp] works like those of figure environment. The H argument forces the algorithm to stay in place. If used, an algorithm is no more a floating object. Caution: algorithms cannot be cut, so if there is not enough place to put an algorithm with H option at a given spot,  will place a blank and put the algorithm on the following page.

Here is a quick example111For longer and more complexe examples see section 3:

\begin{algorithm}[H]
  \SetAlgoLined
  \KwData{this text}
  \KwResult{how to write algorithm with \LaTeX2e }

  initialization\;
  \While{not at end of this document}{
    read current\;
    \eIf{understand}{
      go to next section\;
      current section becomes this one\;
      }{
      go back to the beginning of current section\;
      }
    }
  \caption{How to write algorithms}
\end{algorithm}

which gives

Data: this text
Result: how to write algorithm with 2e
initialization;
while not at end of this document do
       read current section;
       if understand then
             go to next section;
             current section becomes this one;
            
      else
             go back to the beginning of current section;
            
       end if
      
end while
Algorithm 1 How to write algorithms

Very Important : each line MUST end with \\backslash; only those with a macro beginning a block should not end with \\backslash;. Note then that you can always use the \\backslash; command in math mode to set a small space.

The caption works as in a figure environment, except that it should be located at the end of the algorithm. It is used by \\backslashlistofalgorithms as a reference name for the list of algorithms. You can also use the title macro given with the package, but this macro doesn’t insert an entry in the list of algorithms.

3 Two more detailed examples

The algorithm 2 and algorithm 3 are written with this package.

3.1 Algorithm disjoint decomposition

Here we suppose that we have done:

\usepackage[linesnumbered,lined,boxed,commentsnumbered]{algorithm2e}

The algorithm 2 was written in 2e code as presented next page. You can label lines, and for example algorithm 2 denotes the second For (see \\backslashlabel command in the example). Notice also some ways of doing comments at lines 2, 2, 2 and 2. Star comment commands are for comment on lines of code, else comment is a line by itself as at algorithm 2. The different option in star comments defines if it is left (l and h) or right justified (r and f). The first ones (l and r) add ; at the end of line code, the second ones (f and h) doesn’t. These last are useful when used in side comment (introduced by ()) of alternatives of loops keyword commands.

1
input : A bitmap ImIm of size w×lw\times l
output : A partition of the bitmap
2 special treatment of the first line;
3 for i2i\leftarrow 2 to ll do
4       special treatment of the first element of line ii;
5       for j2j\leftarrow 2 to ww do
6             left \leftarrow FindCompress(Im[i,j1]Im[i,j-1]);
7             up \leftarrow FindCompress(Im[i1,]Im[i-1,]);
8             this \leftarrow FindCompress(Im[i,j]Im[i,j]);
9             if left compatible with this then // O(left,this)==1
10                   if left << this then Union(left,this);
11                   else Union(this,left);
12                  
13             end if
14            if up compatible with this then // O(up,this)==1
15                   if up << this then Union(up,this);
16                   // this is put under up to keep tree as flat as possible
17                   else Union(this,up);
18                  // this linked to up
19             end if
20            
21       end for
22      foreach element ee of the line ii do FindCompress(p);
23      
24 end for
Algorithm 2 disjoint decomposition

\IncMargin{1em}
\begin{algorithm}
  \SetKwData{Left}{left}\SetKwData{This}{this}\SetKwData{Up}{up}
  \SetKwFunction{Union}{Union}\SetKwFunction{FindCompress}{FindCompress}
  \SetKwInOut{Input}{input}\SetKwInOut{Output}{output}

  \Input{A bitmap $Im$ of size $w\times l$}
  \Output{A partition of the bitmap}
  \BlankLine
  \emph{special treatment of the first line}\;
  \For{$i\leftarrow 2$ \KwTo $l$}{
    \emph{special treatment of the first element of line $i$}\;
    \For{$j\leftarrow 2$ \KwTo $w$}{\label{forins}
      \Left$\leftarrow$ \FindCompress{$Im[i,j-1]$}\;
      \Up$\leftarrow$ \FindCompress{$Im[i-1,]$}\;
      \This$\leftarrow$ \FindCompress{$Im[i,j]$}\;
      \If(\tcp*[h]{O(\Left,\This)==1}){\Left compatible with \This}{\label{lt}
        \lIf{\Left $<$ \This}{\Union{\Left,\This}}
        \lElse{\Union{\This,\Left}}
      }
      \If(\tcp*[f]{O(\Up,\This)==1}){\Up compatible with \This}{\label{ut}
        \lIf{\Up $<$ \This}{\Union{\Up,\This}}
        \tcp{\This is put under \Up to keep tree as flat as possible}\label{cmt}
        \lElse{\Union{\This,\Up}}\tcp*[h]{\This linked to \Up}\label{lelse}
      }
    }
    \lForEach{element $e$ of the line $i$}{\FindCompress{p}}
  }
  \caption{disjoint decomposition}\label{algo_disjdecomp}
\end{algorithm}\DecMargin{1em}

3.2 Algorithm: IntervalRestriction

Here we suppose we that have done:

\usepackage[ruled,vlined]{algorithm2e}

The 2e code on next page gives algorithm 3. Here lines are not autonumbered but you can number them individually with \\backslashnl command as for algorithm 3 or algorithm 3. You even can set your own reference with \\backslashnlset command and get back this reference by simply using classical \\backslashref. For example \\backslashref{InResR} gives 3.

Data: G=(X,U)G=(X,U) such that GtcG^{tc} is an order.
Result: G=(X,V)G^{\prime}=(X,V) with VUV\subseteq U such that GtcG^{\prime tc} is an interval order.
begin
       VUV\longleftarrow U
       SS\longleftarrow\emptyset
       for xXx\in X do
             NbSuccInS(x)0NbSuccInS(x)\longleftarrow 0
             NbPredInMin(x)0NbPredInMin(x)\longleftarrow 0
             NbPredNotInMin(x)|ImPred(x)|NbPredNotInMin(x)\longleftarrow|ImPred(x)|
            
      for xXx\in X do
             if NbPredInMin(x)=0NbPredInMin(x)=0 and NbPredNotInMin(x)=0NbPredNotInMin(x)=0 then
                   AppendToMin(x)AppendToMin(x)
            
      1while SS\neq\emptyset do
            REM remove xx from the list of TT of maximal index
            2 while |SImSucc(x)||S||S\cap ImSucc(x)|\neq|S| do
                   for ySImSucc(x)y\in S-ImSucc(x) do
                         { remove from VV all the arcs zyzy : }
                         for zImPred(y)Minz\in ImPred(y)\cap Min do
                               remove the arc zyzy from VV
                               NbSuccInS(z)NbSuccInS(z)1NbSuccInS(z)\longleftarrow NbSuccInS(z)-1
                               move zz in TT to the list preceding its present list
                               {i.e. If zT[k]z\in T[k], move zz from T[k]T[k] to T[k1]T[k-1]}
                              
                        NbPredInMin(y)0NbPredInMin(y)\longleftarrow 0
                         NbPredNotInMin(y)0NbPredNotInMin(y)\longleftarrow 0
                         SS{y}S\longleftarrow S-\{y\}
                         AppendToMin(y)AppendToMin(y)
                        
                  
            RemoveFromMin(x)RemoveFromMin(x)
            
      
Algorithm 3 IntervalRestriction

\begin{algorithm}
\DontPrintSemicolon
\KwData{$G=(X,U)$ such that $G^{tc}$ is an order.}
\KwResult{$G’=(X,V)$ with $V\subseteq U$ such that $G’^{tc}$ is an
interval order.}
\Begin{
  $V \longleftarrow U$\;
  $S \longleftarrow \emptyset$\;
  \For{$x\in X$}{
    $NbSuccInS(x) \longleftarrow 0$\;
    $NbPredInMin(x) \longleftarrow 0$\;
    $NbPredNotInMin(x) \longleftarrow |ImPred(x)|$\;
    }
  \For{$x \in X$}{
    \If{$NbPredInMin(x) = 0$ {\bf and} $NbPredNotInMin(x) = 0$}{
      $AppendToMin(x)$}
    }
    \nl\While{$S \neq \emptyset$}{\label{InRes1}
    \nlset{REM} remove $x$ from the list of $T$ of maximal index\;\label{InResR}
    \lnl{InRes2}\While{$|S \cap  ImSucc(x)| \neq |S|$}{
      \For{$ y \in  S-ImSucc(x)$}{
        \{ remove from $V$ all the arcs $zy$ : \}\;
        \For{$z \in  ImPred(y) \cap  Min$}{
          remove the arc $zy$ from $V$\;
          $NbSuccInS(z) \longleftarrow NbSuccInS(z) - 1$\;
          move $z$ in $T$ to the list preceding its present list\;
          \{i.e. If $z \in T[k]$, move $z$ from $T[k]$ to
           $T[k-1]$\}\;
          }
        $NbPredInMin(y) \longleftarrow 0$\;
        $NbPredNotInMin(y) \longleftarrow 0$\;
        $S \longleftarrow S - \{y\}$\;
        $AppendToMin(y)$\;
        }
      }
    $RemoveFromMin(x)$\;
    }
  }
\caption{IntervalRestriction\label{IR}}
\end{algorithm}

4 Genericity and example of languages

In this section, we will try to show you main macros and how you can use this package to suit your need. Based on one example using most popular algorithms expressions, we will show you how it can be configured to be display in pseudo-code, in python or in C.

The following code shows how is typeset the generic example we’ll use in this section:

\Fn(\tcc*[h]{algorithm as a recursive function}){\FRecurs{some args}}{
  \KwData{Some input data\\these inputs can be displayed on several lines and one
    input can be wider than line’s width.}
  \KwResult{Same for output data}
  \tcc{this is a comment to tell you that we will now really start code}
  \If(\tcc*[h]{a simple if but with a comment on the same line}){this is true}{
    we do that, else nothing\;
    \tcc{we will include other if so you can see this is possible}
    \eIf{we agree that}{
      we do that\;
    }{
      else we will do a more complicated if using else if\;
      \uIf{this first condition is true}{
        we do that\;
      }
      \uElseIf{this other condition is true}{
        this is done\tcc*[r]{else if}
      }
      \Else{
        in other case, we do this\tcc*[r]{else}
      }
    }
  }
  \tcc{now loops}
  \For{\forcond}{
    a for loop\;
  }
  \While{$i<n$}{
    a while loop including a repeat--until loop\;
    \Repeat{this end condition}{
      do this things\;
    }
  }
  They are many other possibilities and customization possible that you have to
  discover by reading the documentation.
}

To handle if condition, use a macro to be abble to change it according to language syntax, in particular we will change it for python-style and c-style. We also define a function to write algorithm as a recursive function. These macros are defined as:

\newcommand{\forcond}{$i=0$ \KwTo $n$}
\SetKwFunction{FRecurs}{FnRecursive}%

The algorithm 4 shows how algorithm is displayed in pseudo-code with default behaviour and options boxed, commentsnumbered and longend set. Note that by default, lines are used to show block of code. Note also that longend option makes package use special end keyword for each command222Default behaviour uses short end keywords, it means typeseting only end..

1 Function FnRecursive(some args) /* algorithm as a recursive function */
       Data: Some input data
      these inputs can be displayed on several lines and one input can be wider than line’s width.
       Result: Same for output data
2       /* this is a comment to tell you that we will now really start code */
3       if this is true then /* a simple if but with a comment on the same line */
4             we do that, else nothing
5             /* we will include other if so you can see this is possible */
6             if we agree that then
7                   we do that
8                  
9            else
10                   else we will do a more complicated if using else if
11                   if this first condition is true then
12                         we do that
13                        
14                   else if this other condition is true then
15                         this is done
16                          /* else if */
17                        
18                   else
19                         in other case, we do this
20                          /* else */
21                        
22                   end if
23                  
24             end if
25            
26       end if
27      /* now loops */
28       for i=0i=0 to nn do
29             a for loop
30            
31       end for
32      while i<ni<n do
33             a while loop including a repeat–until loop
34             repeat
35                   do this things
36                  
37            until this end condition
38       end while
39      They are many other possibilities and customization possible that you have to discover by reading the documentation.
40 end
Algorithm 4 Generic example with most classical expressions derived in pseudo-code

The algorithm 5 shows how you can have each block tagged with begin-end keywords. This is done by using automatic block display (new feature since release 5.0). To achieve this display, we only add following macros at start of the algorithm:

\AlgoDisplayBlockMarkers\SetAlgoBlockMarkers{begin}{end}%
\SetAlgoNoEnd

First one tells package to display blocks with keyword markers. Note that the definition of block markers are the one by default. Last macro remove end keywords of commands to avoid a double end (the one of block marker and the one of command).

1 Function FnRecursive(some args) /* algorithm as a recursive function */
       Data: Some input data
      these inputs can be displayed on several lines and one input can be wider than line’s width.
       Result: Same for output data
2       /* this is a comment to tell you that we will now really start code */
3       if this is true then /* a simple if but with a comment on the same line */
4             we do that, else nothing
5             /* we will include other if so you can see this is possible */
6             if we agree that then
7                   we do that
8                  
9            else
10                   else we will do a more complicated if using else if
11                   if this first condition is true then
12                         we do that
13                        
14                   else if this other condition is true then
15                         this is done
16                          /* else if */
17                        
18                   else
19                         in other case, we do this
20                          /* else */
21                        
22      /* now loops */
23       for i=0i=0 to nn do
24             a for loop
25            
26      while i<ni<n do
27             a while loop including a repeat–until loop
28             repeat
29                   do this things
30                  
31            until this end condition
32      They are many other possibilities and customization possible that you have to discover by reading the documentation.
Algorithm 5 Generic example in pseudo-code with begin-end block set

Not that since release 5.1, you can also have block tagged for one line display. The algorithm 6 is based on algorithm 5 but uses “l macros” as e.g. \\backslashlIf to display command on one line ; \\backslashAlgoDisplayGroupMarkers is added to have also block tagged with markers defined by \\backslashSetAlgoBlockMarkers. To achieve this display, we replace preamble of algorithm 5 by:

  \AlgoDisplayBlockMarkers\AlgoDisplayGroupMarkers\SetAlgoBlockMarkers{ \{}{ \}\ }%
  \SetAlgoNoEnd\SetAlgoNoLine
1 Function FnRecursive(some args) /* algorithm as a recursive function */
      Data: Some input data
      Result: Same for output data
2      if this is true then /* a simple if but with a comment on the same line */
3           we do that, else nothing
4           if we agree that then { we do that
5           else
6                if this first condition is true then { we do that
7                else if this other condition is true then { this is done
8                /* else if */ else { in other case, we do this
9                /* else */
10               
11                for i=0i=0 to nn do { a for loop
12                while i<ni<n do
13                     a while loop including a repeat–until loop
14                     repeat { do this things until this end condition
15                     /* a comment */
16                     They are many other possibilities and customization possible that you have to discover by reading the documentation.
Algorithm 6 algorithm 5 with {} block set even for one line command.

The algorithm 7 shows how algorithm looks like with a python-style syntax. To achieve this display, we need to make following changes before the algorithm:

\SetStartEndCondition{ }{}{}%
\SetKwProg{Fn}{def}{\string:}{}
\SetKwFunction{Range}{range}%%
\SetKw{KwTo}{in}\SetKwFor{For}{for}{\string:}{}%
\SetKwIF{If}{ElseIf}{Else}{if}{:}{elif}{else:}{}%
\SetKwFor{While}{while}{:}{fintq}%
\renewcommand{\forcond}{$i$ \KwTo\Range{$n$}}
\AlgoDontDisplayBlockMarkers\SetAlgoNoEnd\SetAlgoNoLine%

SetStartEndCondition is used to display alternatives and loops conditions according to python syntax: it means a space before condition, and no space after since ’:’ marks end of condition. Functions are defined with def in python, so we redefine \\backslashFn macro. Range is a new macro for range python function. Next are redefined For, If and While commands accordingly to python syntax. Note that we do nothing for repeat-until command since it doesn’t exist in python. For condition is redefined to match python behaviour. At last we tell package to not display block, to not display end keyword and to not print line according to python syntax.

1 def FnRecursive(some args): /* algorithm as a recursive function */
      Data: Some input data
     these inputs can be displayed on several lines and one input can be wider than line’s width.
      Result: Same for output data
2      /* this is a comment to tell you that we will now really start code */
3      if this is true: /* a simple if but with a comment on the same line */
4           we do that, else nothing
5           /* we will include other if so you can see this is possible */
6           if we agree that:
7                we do that
8               
9                else:
10                     else we will do a more complicated if using else if
11                     if this first condition is true:
12                          we do that
13                         
14                          elif this other condition is true:
15                               this is done
16                                /* else if */
17                              
18                               else:
19                                    in other case, we do this
20                                     /* else */
21                                   
22                                   
23                                   
24                                    /* now loops */
25                                    for ii in range(nn):
26                                         a for loop
27                                        
28                                         while i<ni<n:
29                                              a while loop including a repeat–until loop
30                                              repeat
31                                                   do this things
32                                                  
33                                                   until this end condition
34                                                   They are many other possibilities and customization possible that you have to discover by reading the documentation.
Algorithm 7 Generic example in python-style like syntax

The algorithm 8 shows how algorithm looks like with a c-style syntax. To achieve this display, we need to make following changes before the algorithm:

\SetStartEndCondition{ (}{)}{)}\SetAlgoBlockMarkers{\{}{\}}%
\SetKwProg{Fn}{}{}{}\SetKwFunction{FRecurs}{void FnRecursive}%
\SetKwFor{For}{for}{}{}%
\SetKwIF{If}{ElseIf}{Else}{if}{}{elif}{else}{}%
\SetKwFor{While}{while}{}{}%
\SetKwRepeat{Repeat}{repeat}{until}%
\AlgoDisplayBlockMarkers\SetAlgoNoLine%

SetStartEndCondition set braces around conditions like in C. We want that each block is marked with { at start and } at end, so we set it thanks to \\backslashSetAlgoBlockMarkers macro. \\backslashFn is redefined with no keyword since in C, name of function defines it. Then we redefin FnRecursive with its type. Next, For, If, While and Repeat are redefined accordingly to C syntax. At last, we tell the package to display block markers.

1 void FnRecursive(some args) /* algorithm as a recursive function */
      Data: Some input data
     these inputs can be displayed on several lines and one input can be wider than line’s width.
      Result: Same for output data
2      /* this is a comment to tell you that we will now really start code */
3      if (this is true) /* a simple if but with a comment on the same line */
4           we do that, else nothing
5           /* we will include other if so you can see this is possible */
6           if (we agree that)
7                we do that
8               
9                else
10                     else we will do a more complicated if using else if
11                     if (this first condition is true)
12                          we do that
13                         
14                          elif (this other condition is true)
15                               this is done
16                                /* else if */
17                              
18                               else
19                                    in other case, we do this
20                                     /* else */
21                                   
22                                   
23                                   
24                                   
25                                   
26                                   
27                                   /* now loops */
28                                    for (ii to range(nn))
29                                         a for loop
30                                        
31                                        
32                                        while (i<ni<n)
33                                              a while loop including a repeat–until loop
34                                              repeat
35                                                   do this things
36                                                  
37                                                   until (this end condition)
38                                                  
39                                                  They are many other possibilities and customization possible that you have to discover by reading the documentation.
40                                                  
Algorithm 8 Generic example in c-style like syntax

The algorithm 9 shows how algorithm looks like with a c-style syntax and a more compact way to mark blocks. To achieve this display, we need to make following changes before the algorithm:

\SetStartEndCondition{ (}{)}{)}\SetAlgoBlockMarkers{}{\}}%
\SetKwProg{Fn}{}{\{}{}\SetKwFunction{FRecurs}{void FnRecursive}%
\SetKwFor{For}{for}{\{}{}%
\SetKwIF{If}{ElseIf}{Else}{if}{\{}{elif}{else\{}{}%
\SetKwFor{While}{while}{\{}{}%
\SetKwRepeat{Repeat}{repeat\{}{until}%
\AlgoDisplayBlockMarkers\SetAlgoNoLine%

If you look at algorithm 4, you can see that some command doesn’t put a end. For example, it is a case for a if followed by an else, same thing for a else if. In C, there is always an end marker. So, to achieve our goal we need to use end marker of blocks. But we don’t want displaying begin marker as in algorithm 5 or algorithm 8. If begin block marker is set to empty, then nothing is written (especially not a blank line). So we tell package to use block markers with an empty marker for begin and a } for end. Now we have to tell package to write a { on the same line as commands. This is achieve by redefining If, For, While and Repeat command.

1 void FnRecursive(some args){ /* algorithm as a recursive function */
      Data: Some input data
     these inputs can be displayed on several lines and one input can be wider than line’s width.
      Result: Same for output data
2      /* this is a comment to tell you that we will now really start code */
3      if (this is true){ /* a simple if but with a comment on the same line */
4           we do that, else nothing
5           /* we will include other if so you can see this is possible */
6           if (we agree that){
7                we do that
8               
9                else{
10                     else we will do a more complicated if using else if
11                     if (this first condition is true){
12                          we do that
13                         
14                          elif (this other condition is true){
15                               this is done
16                                /* else if */
17                              
18                               else{
19                                    in other case, we do this
20                                     /* else */
21                                   
22                                   
23                                   
24                                   
25                                   
26                                   
27                                   /* now loops */
28                                    for (ii to range(nn)){
29                                         a for loop
30                                        
31                                        
32                                        while (i<ni<n){
33                                              a while loop including a repeat–until loop
34                                              repeat{
35                                                   do this things
36                                                  
37                                                   until (this end condition)
38                                                  
39                                                  They are many other possibilities and customization possible that you have to discover by reading the documentation.
40                                                  
Algorithm 9 Generic example in c-style like syntax with compact block

5 Compatibility issues

Compatibily with other packages improven by changing name of internal macros. Algorithm2e can now be used with almost all package, as elsart, hermes, arabtex for example, if this last is loaded after algorithm2e package. So, at this time, release 5.2has few known compatibility problem with other packages. The packages or classes that are known to be not compatible with algorithm2e package is:

  • ascelike

  • pstcol

Nevertheless, when use with some packages, some of their options cannot be used, or you need to specify some particular options (as algo2e to change name of environment if algorithm is already defined by the class), either from algorithm2e package or from the other packages.

hyperref

if you want to compile in Pdf, you must not use naturalnames option. Beware this has changed from release 3 where you should use it!

article-hermes

is not compatible with relsize used by algorithm2e package, so you have to use norelsize option to get algorithm works with article-hermes class.

Note also that, if you use packages changing the way references are printed, you must define labels of algorithm after the caption to ensure a correct printing. You cannot use \\backslashlabel inside a caption without errors.

From release 4.04.0, some commands have been renamed to have consistent naming (CamlCase syntax) and old commands are no more available. If you doesn’t want to change your mind or use old latex files, you have to use oldcommands option to enable old commands back. Here are these commands:

  • \\backslashSetNoLine becomes \\backslashSetAlgoNoLine

  • \\backslashSetVline becomes \\backslashSetAlgoVlined

  • \\backslashSetvlineskip becomes \\backslashSetVlineSkip

  • \\backslashSetLine becomes \\backslashSetAlgoLined

  • \\backslashdontprintsemicolon becomes \\backslashDontPrintSemicolon

  • \\backslashprintsemicolon becomes \\backslashPrintSemicolon

  • \\backslashincmargin becomes \\backslashIncMargin

  • \\backslashdecmargin becomes \\backslashDecMargin

  • \\backslashsetnlskip becomes \\backslashSetNlSkip

  • \\backslashSetnlskip becomes \\backslashSetNlSkip

  • \\backslashsetalcapskip becomes \\backslashSetAlCapSkip

  • \\backslashsetalcaphskip becomes \\backslashSetAlCapHSkip

  • \\backslashnlSty becomes \\backslashNlSty

  • \\backslashSetnlsty becomes \\backslashSetNlSty

  • \\backslashlinesnumbered becomes \\backslashLinesNumbered

  • \\backslashlinesnotnumbered becomes \\backslashLinesNotNumbered

  • \\backslashlinesnumberedhidden becomes \\backslashLinesNumberedHidden

  • \\backslashshowln becomes \\backslashShowLn

  • \\backslashshowlnlabel becomes \\backslashShowLnLabel

  • \\backslashnocaptionofalgo becomes \\backslashNoCaptionOfAlgo

  • \\backslashrestorecaptionofalgo becomes \\backslashRestoreCaptionOfAlgo

  • \\backslashrestylealgo becomes \\backslashRestyleAlgo

  • \\backslashgIf macros and so on do no more exist

6 Environments defined in the package

This package provides 4 environments :

algorithm:

the main environment, the one you will used most of the time.

algorithm*:

same as the precedent, but used in a two columns text, puts the algorithm across the two columns.

procedure:

This environment works like algorithm environment but:

  • the ruled (or algoruled) style is recommended.

  • the caption now writes Procedure name…

  • the syntax of the \\backslashcaption command is restricted as follow: you MUST put a name followed by 2 braces like this “Name()”. You can put arguments inside the braces and text after. If no argument is given, the braces will be removed in the title.

  • label now puts the name (the text before the braces in the caption) of the procedure or function as reference (not the number like a classic algorithm environment).

  • name of the procedure or function set in caption is automatically defined as a KwFunction and so can be used as a macro. For example, if inside a procedure environment you set \\backslashcaption{myproc()}, you can use \\backslashmyproc macro in you main text. Beware that the macro is only defined after the \\backslashcaption!

  • nokwfunc unable the feature described above in function and procedure environment. Useful if you use name of procedure or function that cannot be a command name as a math display for example.

procedure*:

same as the precedent, but used in a two columns text outs the procedure across the two columns.

function:

as the precedent but with Function instead of procedure in the title.

function*:

same as the precedent, but used in a two columns text outs the function across the two columns.

If you don’t like algorithm or look for something else, you can change the name of algorithm by using command below:

\\backslashSetAlgorithmName{algorithmname}{algorithmautorefname}{list of algorithms name}

which redefines name of the algorithms and the sentence list of algorithms. Example:
\\backslashSetAlgorithmName{Protocol}{List of protocols} if you prefer protocol than algorithm. Second argument is the name that \\backslashautoref, from hyperref package, will use.

The same exists for procedure and function environment, the difference is that list of algorithms is not change and keep its original name:

\\backslashSetAlgoProcName{aname}{anautorefname}

sets the name of Procedure printed by procedure environment (the environment prints Procedure by default). Second argument is the name that \\backslashautoref, from hyperref package, will use.

\\backslashSetAlgoFuncName{aname}{anautorefname}

sets the name of Function printed by procedure environment (the environment prints Function by default). Second argument is the name that \\backslashautoref, from hyperref package, will use.

7 The options of the package

7.1 language option

There are predefined keywords in different languages already defined (see section 12 or in the .sty file) that you can activate by using appropriate option. You can also activate these localized keywords by using same option followed by kw. In this case, you keep all localized keywords already defined and add the new ones. Note that this option is not robust, and there are macros in differents language that are the same. In this case, last defined is the one staying. But this allow you to have predefined keywords in multiple languages.

english:

the default.

french:

to have French keywords, for example algorithme : instead of algorithm:.

frenchkw:

to add French keywords definition.

german:

to have German keywords, for example Prozedur : instead of procedure:.

germankw:

to add German keywords definition.

ngerman:

German option as babel

spanish:

to have Spanish keywords, for example Algoritmo: instead of algorithm:.

spanishkw:

to add Spanish keywords definition.

italiano:

to have Italian keywords, for example Algoritmo: instead of algorithm:.

italianokw:

to add Italian keywords definition.

portuguese:

to have Portuguese keywords, for example Algoritmo: instead of algorithm:.

portuguesekw:

to add Portuguese keywords definition.

croatian:

to have Croatian keywords, for example Algoritam: instead of algorithm:.

croatiankw:

to add Croatian keywords definition.

czech:

to have Czech keywords, for example Algoritmus: instead of algorithm:.

czechkw:

to add Czech keywords definition.

turkish:

to have Turkish keywords, for example Algoritma: instead of algorithm:.

turkishkw:

to add Turkish keywords definition.

czech:

to have for example Algoritmus: instead of algorithm:.

czechkw:

to add Czech keywords definition.

onelanguage:

allows, if using standard keywords listed below, to switch from one language to another without changing keywords by using appropriate language option:

  • KwIn, KwOut, KwData, KwResult

  • KwTo KwFrom

  • KwRet, Return

  • Begin

  • Repeat

  • If, ElseIf, Else

  • Switch, Case, Other

  • For, ForPar, ForEach, ForAll, While

7.2 compatibility issue

algo2e:

changes the name of environment algorithm into algorithm2e and so allows to use the package with some journal style which already define an algorithm environment. Changes also the command name for the list of algorithms, it becomes \\backslashlistofalgorithmes

endfloat:

endfloat packages doesn’t allow float environment inside other environment. So using it with figure option of algorithm2e makes error. This option enables a new environment algoendfloat to be used instead of algorithm environment that put algorithm at the end. algoendfloat environment make algorithm acting as endfloat figures. This option load endfloat package, so it is required to have it.

norelsize:

starting from this release (v4.00), algorithm2e package uses relsize package in order to get relative size for lines numbers; but it seems that some rare classes (such as inform1.cls) are not compatible with relsize; to have algorithm2e working, this option makes algorithm2e not to load relsize package and go back to previous definition by using \\backslashscriptsize font for lines numbers.

slide:

require package color. To be used with slide class in order to have correct margins.

nokwfunc

disable the setting in \\backslashKwFunction of procedure’s or function’s name (see section 6) of function and procedure environment. Useful if you use name of procedure or function that cannot be a command name as a math display for example.

7.3 environment display and use

7.3.1 boxed, ruled, plain environment
boxed:

to have algorithms enclosed in a box.

boxruled:

surround algorithm by a box, puts caption above and add a line after caption.

ruled:

to have algorithms with a line at the top and the bottom. Note that the caption is not centered under the algorithm anymore but is set at the beginning of the algorithm.

algoruled:

as above but with extra spaces after the rules.

tworuled:

tworuled acts like ruled but doesn’t put a line after the title.

plain:

the default, with no feature.

7.3.2 algorithm numbering
algochapter:

algorithms are numbered within chapter numbers.

algosection:

(default) algorithms are numbered within section numbers.

algopart:

algorithms are numbered within part numbers.

procnumbered:

makes the procedure and function to be numbered as algorithm.

7.3.3 figure and toc
figure:

algorithms are put in classical figures and so are numbered as figures and putted in the \\backslashlistoffigures.

dotocloa

adds an entry in the toc for the list of algorithms. This option loads package tocbibind if not already done and so list of figures and list of tables are also added in the toc. If you want to control which ones of the lists will be added in the toc, please load package tocbibind before package algorithm and give it the options you want.

7.4 code typesetting

7.4.1 indentation of long statements
noalgohanging

By default, long statement are indented on subsequent lines (see to know how to control length of indentation); with this option you get old behavior and lines are no more indented.

hangingcomment

Comment that are alone on a line (not side comment) are not driven by algorithm hanging: subsequent lines of long comments are indented according to width of start comment marker. With this option, comment are indented like normal statement.

opthanginginout

As for comment, by default, in/out keywords and input keywords (defined by \\backslashSetKwInOut or \\backslashSetKwInput) are not indented by algorithm hangindent. They are indented according to width of input keyword. If you want that these keywords acts like other statements, use this option.

7.4.2 blocks display
lines
lined:

\\backslashSetAlgoLined becomes the default, see section 9.6 for explanations about the \\backslashSetAlgoLined macros.

vlined:

\\backslashSetAlgoVlined becomes the default, see section 9.6 for explanations about the \\backslashSetAlgoVlined macros.

noline:

\\backslashSetNoline becomes the default, see section 9.6 for explanations about the \\backslashSetNoline macros.

block markers
displayblockmarkers

\\backslashAlgoDisplayBlockMarkers becomes the default, see section 9.6 for explanations about the \\backslashAlgoDisplayBlockMarkers macro.

displaygroupmarkers

\\backslashAlgoDisplayGroupMarkers becomes the default, see section 9.6 for explanations about the \\backslashAlgoDisplayGroupMarkers macro.

7.4.3 end keywords
longend

the end keyword are longer and different for each macro. For example endif for a if-then-else macro.

shortend

the “end keyword” of the macros is just end (default).

noend

the “end keyword” of the macros is not printed.

7.4.4 comments
scright (default)

right justified side comments (side comments are flushed to the right)

scleft

left justified side comments (side comments are put right after the code line)

fillcomment (default)

end mark of comment is flushed to the right so comments fill all the width of text

nofillcomment

end mark of comment is put right after the comment

7.4.5 lines numbers
linesnumbered:

lines of the algorithms are numbered except for comments and input/output (KwInput and KwInOut). You must use \\backslashnllabel{label} to label thoses lines.

linesnumberedhidden:

lines of the algorithms are numbered as linesnumbered but numbers are not shown. \\backslashShowLn and \\backslashShowLnLabel{label} show the number on line they are put.

commentsnumbered:

makes comments be numbered if numbering is active.

inoutnumbered:

makes data input/output be numbered if numbering is active.

rightnl:

put lines numbers to the right of the algorithm instead of left.

resetcount

the line numbers are reset to 0 at the beginning of each algorithm (by default).

noresetcount

the contreverse of the precedent. To reset the line counter to 0 do:
\\backslashsetcounter{AlgoLine}{0}

algonl

the line numbers will be prefixed with the number of the current algorithm. Take care to set the caption of the algorithm at the beginning of the environnement, else you will have the precedent algorithm number as the current one.

7.4.6 title of algorithms
titlenumbered:

\\backslashTitleOfAlgo{title} prints Algorithm n: thetitle where n is the counter of the algo.
Beware: \\backslashTitleOfAlgo don’t insert an entry in the list of algorithms. So do not use \\backslashTitleOfAlgo with a caption. Both increment the counter of the algorithms.

titlenotnumbered (default)

the macro \\backslashTitleOfAlgo{title} doesn’t number the algorithm.

8 Typesetting

There are eight text types in an algorithm environment:

  1. 1.

    The keywords (Kw): Macros which usually indicate words of the language. Some are predefined and given with the algorithm package.

    The user can define his own language keywords by using the different macros presented in section 11 (see below for a short, non exhaustive list). He can also define simple keywords with the \\backslashSetKw{Kw}{thetext} macro.

  2. 2.

    The Functions: (Func) Macros defined by the user which denote local functions or other algorithms defined in the text. (See also function environment at section 6, which defines not only function keyword but algorithm of the function.

    They are defined using \\backslashSetKwFunction{KwFn}{Fn} where \\backslashKwFn will be the macro and Fn the text printed.

  3. 3.

    The Arguments (Arg): The arguments of the Kw or Func macros.

  4. 4.

    The procedure and function name environment style (\\backslashProcNameSty and \\backslashProcNameFnt): The type style of the caption of procedure and function environment.

  5. 5.

    The arguments of procedure and function environments style (\\backslashProcArgSty and \\backslashProcArgFnt): the type style of the argument of procedure and function environments.

  6. 6.

    Data (Data): A type of text different from the default. You can use it as you want, and can be useful for example to emphasize a Data structure or denotes some important variables.

    They are defined with the help of the \\backslashSetKwData{KwDat}{data} macro, where \\backslashKwDat will be the macro and data the text printed.

  7. 7.

    Block markers : BlockMarkersSty is style of keywords that are print at begin and end of block when displayblockmarkers and/or displaygroupmarkers option are set, or \\backslashAlgoDisplayBlockMarkers and/or \\backslashAlgoDisplaygroupMarkers macro are used. By default, \\backslashBlockMarkersSty is set to \\backslashKwSty.

  8. 8.

    The text (the default): All the remaining text of the algorithm.

9 Commands provided with the package

Note that if you define macros outside the algorithm environment they are available in all the document and, in particular, you can use them inside all algorithms without redefining them. Be careful you can’t use macros beginning a block outside an algorithm environment.

9.1 global code typesetting commands

\\backslash;

marks the end of a line. Don’t forget it !. By default, it prints a ‘;’. You can change this with \\backslashDontPrintSemicolon.

\\backslashDontPrintSemicolon

the ‘;’ are no more printed at the end of each line.

\\backslashPrintSemicolon

prints a ‘; ’ at the end of each line (by default)

\\backslashBlankLine

prints a blank line. In fact puts a vertical space of one ex.

\\backslashIndp

indents plus \rightarrow the text is shifted to the right.

\\backslashIndm

indents minus \rightarrow the text is shifted to the left.

\\backslashSetStartEndCondition{typo1}{typo2}{typo3}

which sets typo around condition in For, If, Switch, Case and Repeat macros. First two are used around For, If, Switch, Case conditions, First and third are used for Repeat condition. Default definition is:
\SetStartEndCondition{ }{ }{}.
A common alternative is \SetStartEndCondition{ (}{) }{)}.
It can also be used to remove space around condition, for example if you want python style commands: \SetStartEndCondition{ }{}{} and \SetKwFor{For}{for}{:}{}

\\backslashAlgoDisplayBlockMarkers

that prints begin and end markers at the start and end of all block. These begin and end keywords could be specified by using \\backslashSetAlgoBlockMarkersbegin keywordsend keywords{c}{o}mmand. By default, these keywords are not printed but begin and end are default keywords used if \AlgoDisplayBlockMarkers is called.

\\backslashAlgoDisplayGroupMarkers

is related to \\backslashAlgoDisplayBlockMarkers and do the same but for command that are displayed on a single line.

9.2 algorithm environment, caption, list of algorithms, …

9.2.1 caption, title and changind reference of algorithms

Algorithm environment are float environment. So you can use classical \\backslashcaption, \\backslashlistofalgorithms{,} \\backslashlabel. If you want a title but not a caption (for example to not add an enter in the list of algorithm) you have \\backslashTitleOfAlgo{.} And if you want to name your algorithm and not number it, you can change the reference of it by using \\backslashSetAlgoRefName{ref}:

\\backslashcaption{thetitle}

works as classical caption of figures. It inserts an entry in the list of algorithms. Should be the standard way to put title of algorithms.

\\backslashTitleOfAlgo{thetitle}

prints: “Algorithm n: thetitle” in the typography and size defined by \\backslashSetTitleSty. Puts a vertical space below.
Beware: \\backslashTitleOfAlgo doesn’t insert an entry in the list of algorithms. So don’t use \\backslashTitleOfAlgo with \\backslashcaption. Both increment the counter of the algorithms.
note:with the french option prints Algorithme n:

\\backslashlistofalgorithms

inserts the list of all algorithms having a caption.

\\backslashSetAlgoRefName{ref}

which changes the default ref (number of the algorithm) by the name given in parameter. For example \\backslashSetAlgoRefName{QXY} sets reference of the algorithm to QXY. If you label your algorithm and reference it, you will get QXY. On the same manner, entry in the list of algorithm will name it QXY.

\\backslashSetAlgoRefRelativeSize{relative integer}

which sets the output size of reference in list of algorithms for references set by \\backslashSetAlgoRefName. The default is \\backslashSetAlgoRefRelativeSize{-2}.

9.2.2 setting style and layout of algorithm, caption and title

The following commands help you to define the style and the layout of the caption:

\\backslashSetAlgoCaptionSeparator{sep}

which sets the separator between title of algorithms (Algorithm 1) and the name of the algorithm. By default it’s ’:’ and caption looks like ”Algorithm 2: name” but now you can change it by using for example which will give ”Algorithm 3. name”.

\\backslashSetCustomAlgoRuledWidth{length}

set a custom ruled width of ruled and algoruled options ; note that by the moment you use this macro, rules will have this fixed length: this can cause strange behavior in multicolumn mode or other layout that change the line width.

\\backslashAlCapSkip

is the dimension of the distance between algorithm body and caption in plain and boxed mode. You can change by hands or by using \\backslashSetAlCapSkip{0ex}.

\\backslashSetAlCapSkip{length}

sets the lenght of \\backslashAlCapSkip) dimension between algorithm body and caption.

\\backslashSetAlCapHSkip{length}

sets the horizontal skip before Algorithm: in caption when used in ruled algorithm.

\\backslashSetTitleSty{type style}{type size}

sets the typography and size of the titles defined with the macro \\backslashTitleOfAlgo{} (not with \\backslashcaption).

\\backslashNoCaptionOfAlgo

doesn’t print Algorithm and its number in the caption. This macros is ONLY active for algoruled or ruled algorithms and for the next algorithm. For example, it is useful when the algorithm just describes a function and you only want to display the name of the function in the caption.

\\backslashRestoreCaptionOfAlgo

restores correct captions that was corrupted by a \\backslashNoCaptionOfAlgo macro.

\\backslashSetAlgoCaptionLayout{style}

sets global style of the caption; style must be the name of a macro taking one argument (the text of the caption). Examples below show how to use it:

  • \\backslashSetAlgoCaptionLayout{centerline} to have centered caption;

  • \\backslashSetAlgoCaptionLayout{textbf} to have bold caption.

If you want to apply two styles in the same time, such as centered bold, you have to define you own macro and then use \\backslashSetAlgoCaptionLayout with its name. \\backslashAlCapFnt and \\backslashAlCapNameFnt can change the font used in caption, beware of interactions between this three commands.

Note that two length control the layout of ruled, algoruled, boxruled algorithms caption. \\backslashinterspacetitleruled and \\backslashinterspacetitleboxruled are described section 9.6.

9.3 line numbering

9.3.1 labelling and numbering lines

AlgoLine is the counter used to number the lines. It’s a standard counter, so commands works with it.

linesnumbered, linesnumberedhidden and commentsnumbered (see above section 7) are the options controlling auto-numbering of lines. You can also control this feature manually and precisely with the following commands:

\\backslashLinesNumbered

makes lines of the following algorithms be auto-numbered. This command corresponds to linesnumbered option.

\\backslashLinesNumberedHidden

makes lines of the following algorithms be auto-numbered, but numbers stay hidden. You have to use \\backslashShowLn and \\backslashShowLnLabel to see them. This command corresponds to linesnumberedhidden option.

\\backslashLinesNotNumbered

makes lines of the following algorithms no be auto-numbered.

\\backslashnllabel{label}

macro for labelling lines when auto-numbering is active.

\\backslashnl

numbers the line: must begin the line. You can use \\backslashlabel to label the line and reference it further.

\\backslashlnl{label}

numbers and labels the line : must begin the line. Do a Beware this has changed from release 3\\backslashnl\\backslashlabel{label} in one time. Prefer to use a classical \\backslashlabel as it is more readable.

\\backslashnlset{text}

works as \\backslashnl except that the additional argument is the text to put at the beginning of the line. This text becomes the reference if you label it and \\backslashref will print it instead of classical number.

\\backslashlnlset{text}{label}

works for \\backslashnlset as \\backslashlnl for \\backslashnl. Prefer to use a classical \\backslashlabel as it is more readable.

\\backslashShowLn

shows number of the line when linesnumberedhidden is activated.

\\backslashShowLn{label}

same as precedent but with a label. Prefer to use \\backslashShowLn with a classical \\backslashlabel.

9.3.2 setting style of lines numbers

The following command allows you to change the way line numbers are printed:

\\backslashSetNlSty{<<font>>}{<<txt before>>}{<<txt after>>}

defines how to print line numbers:
will print {<<font>> <<txt bef>> thelinenumber <<txt aft>>}.
By default \\backslashSetNlSty{textbf}{}{}.

\\backslashSetNlSkip{length}

sets the value of the space between the line numbers and the text, by default 1em.

\\backslashSetAlgoNLRelativeSize{number}

sets the relative size of line numbers. By default, line numbers are two size smaller than algorithm text. Use this macro to change this behavior. For example, \\backslashSetAlgoNlRelativeSize{0} sets it to the same size, \\backslashSetAlgoNlRelativeSize{1-1} to one size smaller and \\backslashSetAlgoNlRelativeSize{11} to one size bigger.

Example below shows use of these macros:

\SetNlSty{texttt}{[}{]}
\SetAlgoNlRelativeSize{0}
\SetNlSkip{0em}
\nl\KwIn{input data}
\nl\KwOut{output data}
\nl\tcc{a comment line in C-style}
\nl\Repeat{\nl$e<\tau$}{
  \nl$f_n\leftarrow Y_1$\;
  \nl$f_{n+1}\leftarrow f_n\times f_{n-1}$\;
  \nl$e\leftarrow \frac{f_n}{2}$\;
}
\nl\KwRet{$e$}

\Longrightarrow 1 Input: input data 2 Output: output data 43 /* a comment line in C-style */ 65 repeat 8      7 fnY1f_{n}\leftarrow Y_{1} 10      9 fn+1fn×fn1f_{n+1}\leftarrow f_{n}\times f_{n-1} 12      11 efn2e\leftarrow\frac{f_{n}}{2} 13       1514until e<τe<\tau 16return ee

9.4 math display

If you need to use math display to handle complex mathematics as matrix, using standard \\backslash[ \\backslash] or $$ will not allow correct numbering and end line management. If you don’t need line numbers, there is no problem. If you want line numbers, please use algomathdisplay environment instead of \\backslash[ \\backslash] or $$. It will work as standard math display but line spacing, line numbers, end line will be managed correcly

9.5 standard styles

9.5.1 standard font shapes and styles

Almost every text in algorithm has his own style that can be customized. The following commands correspond to the different styles used by the package. They can be customized by using corresponding “\\backslashSet commands” (see section 9.5.3)

\\backslashAlFnt

is used at the beginning of the body of algorithm in order to define the fonts used for typesetting algorithms. You can use it elsewhere you want to typeset text as algorithm
For example you can do to have algorithms typeset in small sf font. Default is nothing so algorithm is typeset as the text of the document.

\\backslashKwSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in keyword type style.

\\backslashFuncSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in function type style.

\\backslashFuncArgSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in function argument type style.

\\backslashProgSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in programm (KwProg) type style.

\\backslashArgSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in argument type style.

\\backslashDataSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in data typography.

\\backslashCommentSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in comment typography.

\\backslashNlSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in number line typography.

\\backslashProcNameSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in procedure style of procedure and function environment (by default the same as \\backslashAlCapSty{)}. (see section 9.5.2 for more explanations and details)

\\backslashProcFnt{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in procedure typography of procedure and function environment (by default the same as \\backslashAlCapFnt{)}. (see section 9.5.2 for more explanations and details)

\\backslashProcArgSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in argument style of procedure and function environment (by default the same as \\backslashAlCapNameSty{)}. (see section 9.5.2 for more explanations and details)

\\backslashProcArgFnt{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in argument typography of procedure and function environment (by default the same as \\backslashAlCapNameFnt{)}. (see section 9.5.2 for more explanations and details)

\\backslashBlockMarkersSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in block markers typography (by default the same as \\backslashKwSty{)} (see section 9.6 for more explanations and details on block markers).

9.5.2 caption and title font style

\\backslashAlCapSty, \\backslashAlCapNameSty, \\backslashAlCapFnt, \\backslashAlCapNameFnt, \\backslashProcSty, \\backslashProcFnt, \\backslashProcNameSty, \\backslashProcNameFnt, \\backslashProgArgSty, \\backslashProgArgFnt and corresponding “\\backslashSet commands” (see section 9.5.4) \\backslashSetAlCapSty, \\backslashSetAlCapNameSty, \\backslashSetAlCapFnt, \\backslashSetAlCapNameFnt, \\backslashSetProcSty, \\backslashSetProcFnt, \\backslashSetProcNameSty, \\backslashSetProcNameFnt, \\backslashSetProgArgSty, \\backslashSetProgArgFnt control the way caption of algorithm and procedure/function environment are printed.

\\backslashAlCapSty and \\backslashAlCapFnt are used to define style and font shape of “Algorithm #:” in caption. \\backslashAlCapNameSty and \\backslashAlCapNameFnt are used to define style and font shape of the caption text. In fact a caption \\backslashcaption{my algorithm} is printed as follow :

\\backslashAlCapSty{\\backslashAlCapFnt Algorithm #:}\\backslashAlCapNameSty{\\backslashAlCapNameFnt my algorithm}.

By default, \\backslashAlCapSty is textbf and \\backslashAlCapFnt is nothing. \\backslashAlCapNameSty keeps text as it is, and \\backslashAlCapNameFnt do nothing.

\\backslashProcSty and \\backslashProcFnt are used to define style and font shape of “Procedure” in caption of procedure and function environment. \\backslashProcNameSty and \\backslashProcNameFnt are used to define style and font shape of the procedure or function name. \\backslashProcArgSty and \\backslashProgArgFnt are used to define style and font shape of arguments in procedure/function environment. In fact a caption \\backslashcaption{Proc(int i)} of procedure/function environment is printed as follow :

\\backslashProcSty{\\backslashProcFnt Procedure}\\backslashProcNameSty{\\backslashProcNameFnt Proc(}%
\\backslashProgArgSty{\\backslashProgArgFnt int i}\\backslashProcNameSty{\\backslashProcNameFnt )}.

By default, \\backslashProcSty is \\backslashAlCapSty and \\backslashProcFnt is \\backslashAlCapFnt. \\backslashProcNameSty keeps text as it is, and \\backslashProcNameFnt do nothing.

\\backslashAlCapSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in caption title typography, that is the same used, together with \\backslashAlCapFnt, to print Algorithm #:, more precisely it is printed as follow:
\\backslashAlCapSty{\\backslashAlCapFnt Algorithm #:}
which gives actually “Algorithm #:”. By default \\backslashAlCapSty is textbf.

\\backslashAlCapNameSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in caption name typography, that is the same used, together with \\backslashAlCapNameFnt to print the name of caption you set by calling \\backslashcaption{name}. More precisely it is printed as follow:
\\backslashAlCapNameSty{\\backslashAlCapNameFnt name}
which gives “name”. By default \\backslashAlCapNameSty is textnormal which means print in standard text.

\\backslashAlCapFnt{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in font shape of caption title, that is the same used, together with \\backslashAlCapSty, to print Algorithm #:, more precisely it is printed as follow:
\\backslashAlCapSty{\\backslashAlCapFnt Algorithm #:}
which gives actually “Algorithm #:”. By default \\backslashAlCapFnt is \\backslashrelax which means keep text as it is.

\\backslashAlCapNameFnt{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in caption name typography, that is the same used, together with \\backslashAlCapNameSty to print the name of caption you set by calling \\backslashcaption{name}. More precisely it is printed as follow:
\\backslashAlCapNameSty{\\backslashAlCapNameFnt name}
which gives “name”. By default \\backslashAlCapNameFnt is \\backslashrelax which means keep text as it is.

\\backslashProcSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in procedure/function caption title typography, that is the same used, together with \\backslashProcFnt, to print Procedure, more precisely it is printed as follow:
\\backslashProcSty{\\backslashProcFnt Procedure}
which gives actually “Procedure”. By default \\backslashProcSty is \\backslashAlCapSty.

\\backslashProcNameSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in procedure name typography, that is the same used, together with \\backslashProcNameFnt to print the name of caption you set by calling \\backslashcaption{Proc(int i)}. More precisely it is printed as follow:
\\backslashProcNameSty{\\backslashProcNameFnt Proc(}
which gives “Proc(”. By default \\backslashProcNameSty is \\backslashAlCapNameSty which means print in standard text.

\\backslashProcArgSty{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in argument of procedure/function typography, that is the same used, together with \\backslashProcArgFnt, to print int i if \\backslashcaption{Proc(int i)} was called. More precisely it is printed as follow:
\\backslashProcArgSty{\\backslashProcArgFnt int i}
which gives actually “int i”. By default \\backslashProcArgSty is \\backslashAlCapNameSty;

\\backslashProcFnt{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in font shape of caption title, that is the same used, together with \\backslashProcSty, to print Procedure, more precisely it is printed as follow:
\\backslashProcSty{\\backslashProcFnt Procedure}
which gives actually “Procedure”. By default \\backslashProcFnt is \\backslashrelax which means keep text as it is.

\\backslashProcNameFnt{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in procedure/function name typography, that is the same used, together with \\backslashProcNameSty to print the name of caption you set by calling \\backslashcaption{Proc(int i)}. More precisely it is printed as follow:
\\backslashProcNameSty{\\backslashProcNameFnt Proc(}
which gives “Proc(”. By default \\backslashProcNameFnt is \\backslashrelax which means keep text as it is.

\\backslashProcArgFnt{<<text>>}

sets <<text>> in font shape of argument of procedure/environment caption, that is the same used, together with \\backslashProcArgSty, to print int i if \\backslashcaption{int i} was called. More precisely it is printed as follow:
\\backslashProcArgSty{\\backslashProcFnt int i}
which gives actually “int i”. By default \\backslashProcArgFnt do nothing.

\\backslashAlTitleSty{<<text>>}

is used to typeset “Algorithm #:” in title, together with \\backslashAlTitleFnt. You can use it to have text as your titles. Precisely, titles are typeset as follow:
\\backslashAlTitleSty{\\backslashAlTitleFnt{Algorithm #:}}.

\\backslashAlTitleFnt{<<text>>}

is used to typeset “Algorithm #:” in title, together with \\backslashAlTitleSty. You can use it to have text as your titles. Precisely, titles are typeset as follow:
\\backslashAlTitleSty{\\backslashAlTitleFnt{Algorithm #:}}.

9.5.3 setting font standard font shapes and styles

With the following commands you can customize the style and have the look you want for your algorithms:

\\backslashSetAlFnt{<<font>>}

define the fonts used for typesetting algorithms.

You have to give commands to set the font in argument. You can use it elsewhere you want to typeset text as algorithm. For example you can do \\backslashSetAlFnt{\\backslashsmall\\backslashsf} to have algorithms typeset in small sf font.

The next ones require to give in parameter name of a macro (whithout \\backslash) which takes one argument. For example, \\backslashSetAlCapFnt{textbf} (see section 9.2.2) defines the default behaviour of \\backslashAlCapFnt. If you want to do more complicated thing, you should define your own macro and give it to \\backslashSetAlCapFnt or \\backslashSetAlCapNameFnt. Here are two examples:

  • \\backslashnewcommand{\\backslashmycapfn}[1]{\\backslashtiny #1}\\backslashSetAlCapNameFnt{mycapfnt}

  • \\backslashnewcommand{\\backslashmycapfn}[1]{\\backslashtextsl{\\backslashsmall #1}}\\backslashSetAlCapNameFnt{mycapfnt}

Here is the complete list of these macros:

\\backslashSetKwSty{<<font>>}

sets the Kw typography to <<font>> (by default: textbf).

\\backslashSetFuncSty{<<font>>}

sets the function typography (by default: texttt).

\\backslashSetFuncArgSty{<<font>>}

sets the typography of function argument (by default: emph).

\\backslashSetProgSty{<<font>>}

sets the KwProg typography to <<font>> (by default: emph).

\\backslashSetArgSty{<<font>>}

sets the argument typography (by default: emph).

\\backslashSetDataSty{<<font>>}

sets the data typography (by default: textsf).

\\backslashSetCommentSty{<<font>>}

sets the comment text typography (by default: texttt).

\\backslashSetNlSty{<<font>>}

sets the number line typography (by default: \\backslashrelsize{-2})

\\backslashSetProcNameSty{<<font>>}

sets caption typography of procedure and function environment (by default the same as \\backslashAlCapSty{)}.

\\backslashSetProcArgSty{<<font>>}

sets argument typography of procedure and function environment (by default the same as \\backslashAlCapNameSty{)}.

\\backslashSetBlockMarkersSty{<<font>>}

sets block markers typography (by default the same as \\backslashKwSty{)}.

9.5.4 setting caption and title font style

The following commands allow to redefine Fnt macros. This ones requires to give directly commands that define the font shape you want. They works as \\backslashSetAlFnt{d}escribed above. For example you can do \\backslashSetAlCapFnt{\\backslashlarge\\backslashcolor{red}} to have Algorithm #: in caption printed in large red font.

\\backslashSetAlCapFnt{<<font>>}

sets the font used for {algorithm: } in caption of algorithm (default is set to \\backslashrelax).

\\backslashSetAlCapNameFnt{<<font>>}

sets the font used by caption text. Default is \\backslashrelax and text is kept as it is.

\\backslashSetAlTitleFnt{<<font>>}

sets the font used in \\backslashTitleOfAlgo command (default is set to \\backslashrelax, so text is kept as it is).

The next commands allow to redefine Sty macros for caption or title. As “\\backslashSet commands” of basic font style (see section 9.5.3), they require a name of a command in argument, this command have to take one argument, the text to be typeset. They should be combined with previous commands to redefine display of caption or title. Examples of use:

  • \\backslashnewcommand{\\backslashmycapsty}[1]{\\backslashtextbf{\\backslashemph{#1}}}\\backslashSetAlCapNameSty{mycapsty}
    caption will be print emphased and in bold face.

  • \\backslashSetAlCapNameFnt{\\backslashtiny} set font to tiny size.

  • if you combine \\backslashSetAlCapNameSty{mycapsty} and \\backslashSetAlCapNameFnt{\\backslashtiny} will give tiny bold empased caption.

Now the commands:

\\backslashSetAlCapSty{<<commandname>>}:

sets the command that will be used by \\backslashAlCapSty to define style of Algorithm #: in caption. The argument is a name of a command (without \\backslash). This command have to take one argument, the text to be formatted. Default is set to: \\backslashSetAlCapSty{textbf}.

\\backslashSetAlCapNameSty{<<commandname>>}:

sets the command that will be used by \\backslashAlCapNameSty to define style of caption text. The argument is a name of a command (without \\backslash). This command have to take one argument, the text to be formatted. Default is set to: \\backslashSetAlCapSty{textnormal}.

\\backslashSetAlTitleSty{<<commandname>>}

sets the command that will be used by \\backslashAlTitleSty to define style of algorithm title given by \\backslashTitleOfAlgo (default is set to \\backslashSetAlTitleSty{textbf}).

Note that by combining Fnt and Sty macros you can define almost all styles easily. For example, the last example above can be define in a simplier way that previously presented by doing:

  • \\backslashSetAlCapNameSty{textsl}\\backslashSetAlCapNameFnt{\\backslashsmall}

9.6 controlling the layout of algorithms

\\backslashRestyleAlgo{style}

change the layout of the algorithms as do options boxed, boxruled, ruled and algoruled.

\\backslashRestyleAlgo{style}

sets the style of the following algorithms to that given by this macro (plain, boxed, ruled, algoruled) unlike those indicated in the options of the package (see options of the package).

\\backslashSetAlgoVlined

prints a vertical line followed by a little horizontal line between the start and the end of each block. Looks like that :   

\\backslashSetNoline

Doesn’t print vertical lines (by default). The block is marked with keywords such as begin, end.

\\backslashSetAlgoLined

prints vertical lines between bloc start-end keywords as begin, end.

\\backslashSetAlgoLongEnd

acts like longend option.

\\backslashSetAlgoShortEnd

acts like shortend option.

\\backslashSetAlgoNoEnd

acts like noend option.

\\backslashSetInd{before rule space}{after rule space}

sets the size of the space before the vertical rule and after. In \\backslashNoLine mode the indentation space is the sum of these two values, by default 0.5em and 1em

\\backslashSetAlgoHangIndent{length}

sets the value of indent length used by hangindent to indent subsequent lines after the first on a long statement.

\\backslashSetvlineskip{length}

sets the value of the vertical space after the little horizontal line which closes a block in vlined mode.

\\backslashSetAlgoSkip{skip command}

Algorithms puts extra vertical space before and after to avoid having text bumping lines of boxed or ruled algorithms. By default, this is a . You can change this value with this macro. The four possibilities are:

  • \\backslashSetAlgoSkip{}] for no extra vertical skip

  • \\backslashSetAlgoSkip{smallskip}] to act as the default behaviour

  • \\backslashSetAlgoSkip{medskip}] to have a bigger skip

  • \\backslashSetAlgoSkip{bigskip}] to have the bigger skip

Note that you can apply the skip you want by defining a macro doing it and passing its name (without \\backslash) to \\backslashSetAlgoSkip

\\backslashSetAlgoInsideSkip{skip command}

Algorithms puts no extra vertical space before and after the core of the algorithm. So text is put right after the lines in boxed or ruled style. To put an extra space, use \\backslashSetAlgoInsideSkip{skip command}, for example \\backslashSetAlgoInsideSkip{smallskip}, like for \\backslashSetAlgoSkip{skip command}.

\\backslashalgomargin

this is the value of the margin of all algorithms. You can change it by setting: \\backslashsetlength{\\backslashalgomargin}{2em} for example. The default value is the sum of the two dimensions \\backslashleftskip and \\backslashparindent when the algorithm2e package is loaded. Note that if you change this value, it will take effect with the next algorithm environment. So even if you change it inside an algorithm environment, it will not affect the current algorithm.

\\backslashIncMargin{length}

increases the size of the \\backslashalgomargin by the length given in argument.

\\backslashDecMargin{length}

decreases the size of the \\backslashalgomargin by the length given in argument.

\\backslashDecMargin{length}

decreases the size of the \\backslashalgomargin by the length given in argument.

\\backslashSetAlgoNlRelativeSize{number}

sets the relative size of line number (see section 9.3) for more details on this command.

\\backslashSetAlgoCaptionLayout{style}

sets the global style of caption (see section 9.2 for more details).

\\backslashDisplayBlockMarkers

acts like displayblockmarkers option: each block will be started by a begin keyword and be ended by an end keywords. This is tricky to use but allows to customize syntax to match almost every language (see section 4 for examples showing how to use it). \\backslashSetAlgoBlockMarkers{begin keyword}{end keyword} defines begin and end keywords that will be used by \DisplayBlockMarkers. Default keywords are begin and end. but for example you can set \DisplayBlockMarkers{\{}{\}} to match c-style syntax.

\\backslashDisplayGroupMarkers

acts like displaygroupmarkers option: each block of single line command will be started by a begin keyword and be ended by an end keywords. \\backslashSetAlgoBlockMarkers{begin keyword}{end keyword} defines begin and end keywords that will be used by \DisplayGroupMarkers. Note that begin-end group markers are necessarly the same as \DisplayBlockMarkers.

Some length are used to set the layout of ruled, algoruled and boxruled algorithms caption. These length have no particular macro to set them but can be changed by classical \\backslashsetlength commmand:

interspacetitleruled

(2pt by defaut) which controls the vertical space between rules and title in ruled and algoruled algorithms.

interspacetitleboxruled

(2\\backslashlineskip by default) which controls the vertical space between rules and title in boxruled algorithms.

9.7 comments

There are two ways to do comments in algorithm :

  1. 1.

    by using a comment macro defined by \\backslashSetKwComment{command}{right mark}{left mark} (see below) like \\backslashtcc;

  2. 2.

    by using side comment, it means comment put in between ( ) after control command like if-then-else, for, … macros.

At section 10.3, you can see how \\backslashtcc is defined and at section 10.4 you can look at some examples how to use it with if then else like commands and finally you can look at section 11.4 how to define comments and explanations on the different macros and ways of printing comments. Note also that comments are not numbered by default when using linesnumbered option. You have to set commentsnumbered to number them also.

The following macro control how comment are typeseted.

\\backslashSetSideCommentLeft

right justified side comments (side comments are flushed to the right), equivalent to scleft option.

\\backslashSetSideCommentRight

left justified side comments (side comments are put right after the code line) , equivalent to scright option.

\\backslashSetFillComment

end mark of comment is flushed to the right so comments fill all the width of text, equivalent to fillcomment option.

\\backslashSetNoFillComment

end mark of comment is put right after the comment, equivalent to nofillcomment option.

10 The predefined language keywords

Here are the English keywords predefined in the package. There are other language predefined macros provided, such as French keywords, see section 12 for a list of other language keywords. All these keywords are defined using macros provided by the package and described in section 11.

10.1 Input, output macros…

  • \\backslashKwIn{input}

  • \\backslashKwOut{output}

  • \\backslashKwData{input}

  • \\backslashKwResult{output}

10.2 basic keywords and blocks

  1. 1.

    One simple common keyword:

    • \\backslashKwTo

  2. 2.

    One keyword requiring an argument:

    • \\backslashKwRet{[value]}

    • \\backslashReturn{[value]}

  3. 3.

    A block:

    • \\backslashBegin{block inside}

    • \\backslashBegin(begin comment){block inside}

10.3 comments

  • \\backslashtcc{line(s) of comment}: comment “ la” C

  • \\backslashtcc*{right justified side comment}: comment “ la” C

  • \\backslashtcc*[r]{right justified side comment, ends the line (default)}: comment “ la” C

  • \\backslashtcc*[l]{left justified side comment, ends the line}: comment “ la” C

  • \\backslashtcc*[h]{left justified comment, without end line; useful with ”if-then-else” macros for example}: comment “ la” C

  • \\backslashtcc*[f]{right justified comment, without end line; useful with ”if-then-else” macros for example}: comment “ la” C

  • \\backslashtcp{line(s) of comment}: comment “ la” C++

  • \\backslashtcp*{right justified side comment}: comment “ la” C++

  • \\backslashtcp*[r]{right justified side comment, ends the line (default)}: comment “ la” C++

  • \\backslashtcp*[l]{left justified side comment, ends the line}: comment “ la” C++

  • \\backslashtcp*[h]{left justified comment, without end line; useful with ”if-then-else” macros for example}: comment “ la” C++

  • \\backslashtcp*[f]{right justified comment, without end line; useful with ”if-then-else” macros for example}: comment “ la” C++

You can see some examples of this macros with if then else at the end of section 11.5

10.4 if-then-else macros

  • \\backslashIf{condition}{then block}

  • \\backslashIf(then comment){condition}{then block}

  • \\backslashuIf{condition}{then block without end}

  • \\backslashuIf(then comment){condition}{then block without end}

  • \\backslashlIf{condition}{then’s line text}

  • \\backslashlIf(if comment){condition}{then’s line text}

  • \\backslashElseIf{elseif block}

  • \\backslashElseIf(elseif comment){elseif block}

  • \\backslashuElseIf{elseif block without end}

  • \\backslashuElseIf(elseif comment){elseif block without end}

  • \\backslashlElseIf{elseif’s line text}

  • \\backslashlElseIf(elseif comment){elseif’s line text}

  • \\backslashElse{else block}

  • \\backslashElse(else comment){else block}

  • \\backslashuElse{else block without end}

  • \\backslashuElse(else comment){else block without end}

  • \\backslashlElse{else’s line text}

  • \\backslashlElse(else comment){else’s line text}

  • \\backslasheIf{condition}{then block}{else block}

  • \\backslasheIf(then comment){condition}{then block}(else comment){else block}

  • \\backslasheIf(then comment){condition}{then block}{else block}

  • \\backslasheIf{condition}{then block}(else comment){else block}

  • \\backslashleIf{condition}{then block}{else block}

  • \\backslashleIf(comment){condition}{then block}{else block}

10.5 multiple condition selection:

  • \\backslashSwitch(switch comment){condition}{Switch block}

  • \\backslashSwitch{condition}{Switch block}

  • \\backslashCase{a case}{case block}

  • \\backslashCase(case comment){a case}{case block}

  • \\backslashuCase{a case}{case block without end}

  • \\backslashuCase(case comment){a case}{case block without end}

  • \\backslashlCase{a case}{case’s line}

  • \\backslashlCase(case comment){a case}{case’s line}

  • \\backslashOther{otherwise block}

  • \\backslashOther(other comment){otherwise block}

  • \\backslashlOther{otherwise’s line}

  • \\backslashlOther(other comment){otherwise’s line}

10.6 loops with ”end condition” test at the beginning

  • \\backslashFor{condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashFor(for comment){condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashlFor{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashlFor(for comment){condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashWhile{condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashWhile(while comment){condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashlWhile{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashlWhile(while comment){condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashForEach{condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashForEach(foreach comment){condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashlForEach{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashlForEach(foreach comment){condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashForAll{condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashForAll(forall comment){condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashlForAll{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashlForAll(forall comment){condition}{line text loop}

10.7 loops with ”end condition” test at the end

  • \\backslashRepeat{end condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashRepeat(repeat comment){end condition}{text loop}(until comment)

  • \\backslashRepeat(repeat comment){end condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashRepeat{end condition}{text loop}(until comment)

  • \\backslashlRepeat{end condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashlRepeat(repeat comment){end condition}{line text loop}

10.8 how default keywords are obtained

  1. 1.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{KwData}{Data}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{KwResult}{Result}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{KwIn}{Input}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{KwOut}{Output}

  2. 2.

    \\backslashSetKw{KwTo}{to}

  3. 3.

    \\backslashSetKw{KwRet}{return}

    \\backslashSetKw{Return}{return}

  4. 4.

    \\backslashSetKwBlock{Begin}{begin}{end}

  5. 5.

    \\backslashSetKwComment{tcc}{/*}{*/}

    \\backslashSetKwComment{tcp}{//}{}

  6. 6.

    \\backslashSetKwIF{If}{ElseIf}{Else}{if}{then}{else if}{else}{endif}

  7. 7.

    \\backslashSetKwSwitch{Switch}{Case}{Other}{switch}{do}{case}{otherwise}{endcase}endsw

  8. 8.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{For}{for}{do}{endfor}

    \\backslashSetKwFor{While}{while}{do}{endw}

    \\backslashSetKwFor{ForEach}{foreach}{do}{endfch}

    \\backslashSetKwAll{ForEach}{forall}{do}{endfall}

  9. 9.

    \\backslashSetKwRepeat{Repeat}{repeat}{until}

11 To define your own language keywords

Note that all these macros verify if the keywords are already defined and do a renewcommand if they are. So you can overload the default definitions of this package with your own.

11.1 to define Input, output macros…

\\backslashSetKwInput{Kw}{input}

defines the macro \\backslashKw{arg} which prints input followed by ‘:’ in key word typography, and behind the argument arg. Typically used to define macros such as \\backslashInput{data} or \\backslashOutput{result}. Note that arg will be shifted so that all the text is vertically aligned and to the right of the ‘:’.

\\backslashSetKwInOut{Kw}{input}

works as \\backslashSetKwInput{Kw}{input}. But the position of the ‘:’ is fixed and set by the longest keyword defined by this macro.

\\backslashResetInOut{input} resets the position of the ‘:’ for all macros defined previously by \\backslashSetKwInOut{Kw}{input}. The new position is fixed depending on the size of the text input given in argument.

11.2 to define basic keywords or blocks

\\backslashSetKw{Kw}{thetext}

defines the macro \\backslashKw which defines a keyword thetext and prints it in keyword typography. It can take one argument: \\backslashKw{arg}. If so, arg is printed in argument typography. For example \Kw{thetext} could give: Kw thetext

\\backslashSetKwHangingKw{Kw}{thetext}

defines a hanging keyword that should act like a combination of \\backslashSetKwInput and \\backslashSetKw. In comparison with \\backslashSetKwInput, it doesn’t print ’:’ at end of keyword and line is numbering if linesnumbered is set.
For example \SetKwHangingKw{HData}{Data$\rightarrow$} could gives:

1 Data\rightarrow a list of data and a long description of this data to be sure that text requires several lines to be printed
\\backslashSetKwData{Kw}{thetext}

defines the macro \\backslashKw{w}hich defines a data text. Prints thetext in data typography. Note that this macros can takes one argument as function macros.

\\backslashSetKwArray{Kw}{array}

which defines an array keywords Kw called array and printed in DataSty style when call with \\backslashKw. It can be used with one argument which denotes the element index: \\backslashKw{n} prints array[n] with array in \\backslashDataSty and n in \\backslashArgSty.

\\backslashSetKwBlock{Begin}{begin}{end}

defines a macro \\backslashBegin{txt} which denotes a block. The text is surrounded by the words begin and end in keyword typography and shifted to the right (indented). In \\backslashVline or \\backslashLine mode a straight vertical line is added.
\Begin(side text){text} gives also text in a block surrounded by begin and end, but side text if put after the begin keyword. Combined with \\backslashtcc*[f] macro, it allows you to put comments on the same line as begin.

You can also use alternativ \\backslashuBegin{txt} which acts as \\backslashBegin{txt} but without end. Useful for example as a part separator that doesn’t necessary need an end keyword.

\\backslashSetKwProg{Prog}{Title}{ is}{end}

Env is a block with ’Title’ (in CapSty style) at the beginning followed by args in ProgSty followed by ’is’ then ’text’ inside a block ended by ’end’. If no ’end’ is specified, nothing is written (no blank line is inserted). Useful to typeset function or prog. For example:

\SetAlgoLined
\SetKwProg{Fn}{Function}{ is}{end}
\Fn{afunc(i: int) : int}{return 0\;}

\SetKwProg{Def}{def}{:}{}
\Def{afunc(i: int)}{return 0\;}

\Longrightarrow 1 Function afunc(i: int) : int is 2      return 0 3 end 4 5 def afunc(i: int): 6      return 0 7

11.3 to define keywords as function

If you want describe the function by an algorithm, use instead function or procedure environment.

\\backslashSetKwFunction{KwFn}{Fn}

defines a macro \\backslashKwFn{arg} which prints Fn in FuncSty typography and its argument arg in FuncArgSty typography, surrounded by a pair of parentheses.

\\backslashSetKwFunction{Dothat}{Do that} defines the macro \\backslashDoThat{this}, which is equivalent to \\backslashFuncSty{Do that(}\\backslashArgSty{this}\\backslashFuncSty{)} which gives: Do that(this).

Note that you can also use it without arguments, it will be printed without ‘()’, example: \\backslashSetKwFunction{Fn}{TheFunction} use as \\backslashFn gives TheFunction.

Keywords (with or without arguments) and functions defined previously in normal text (not in an algorithm environment) can be used outside an algorithm environment. You can use it by typing \\backslashDoThat{toto} (for a function defined by \\backslashSetKwFunction{Dothat}{Do that}), you will obtain Do That(toto).

11.4 to define comments

\\backslashSetKwComment{Comment}{start}{end}

defines a macro \\backslashComment{text comment} which writes text comment between start and end. Note that start or end can be empty.
It defines also \\backslashComment*{side comment text} macro which allows to put comment on the same line as the code. This macro can take various option to control its behaviour:
\Comment*[r]{side comment text} put the end of line mark (’;’ by default) and side comment text just after and right justified, then end the line. It is the default.
\Comment*[l]{side comment text} same thing but side comment text is left justified.
\Comment*[h]{side comment text} put side comment right after the text. No end of line mark is put, and line is not terminated (is up to you to put \; to end the line).
\Comment*[f]{side comment text} same as the previous one but with side comment text right justified.

11.5 to define if-then-else macros

\\backslashSetKwIF{If}{ElseIf}{Else}{if}{then}{else if}{else}{endif}

defines several macros to give the opportunity to write all if-then-else-elseif-endif possibilities:

  • \\backslashIf{cond}{Then’s text}
    Then’s text is writen in a block (below then and on several lines) and terminating by the endif given in the last argument.

  • \\backslashIf(comment){cond}{Then’s text}
    as previous but put comment after then keyword. Usually use with comment macro like \\backslashtcc*[f]{comment} or \\backslashtcp*[f]{comment}

  • \\backslashIf{cond}{Then’s text(comment)}
    as previous but put comment after end keyword. Usually use with comment macro like \\backslashtcc*[f]{comment} or \\backslashtcp*[f]{comment}

  • \\backslashIf(comment1){cond}{Then’s text(comment2)}
    as previous but put comment1 after then keyword and comment2 after end. Usually use with comment macro like \\backslashtcc*[f]{comment} or \\backslashtcp*[f]{comment}

  • \\backslashElseIf{ElseIf’s text}
    ElseIf’s text is writen in a block and terminating by the endif.

  • \\backslashElseIf(comment){ElseIf’s text}
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslashElseIf{ElseIf’s text(comment)}
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslashElseIf(comment){ElseIf’s text(comment)}
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslashElse{Else’s text}
    Else’s text is writen in a block and terminating by the endif.

  • \\backslashElse(comment){Else’s text}
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslashElse{(}comment)Else’s text(comment)
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslashlIf{cond}{Then’s text}
    Then’s text is written on the same line as then. No endif is printed. Do not put \\backslash; after Then’s text neither after \\backslashlIf.

  • \\backslashlIf(comment){cond}{Then’s text}
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslashlIf*{cond}{Then’s text}
    Then’s text is written on the same line as then. No endif and no end of line are printed. Do not put \\backslash; after Then’s text neither after \\backslashlIf.

  • \\backslashlElseIf{ElseIf’s text}
    ElseIf’s text is written on the same line as else if. No endif is printed.

  • \\backslashlElseIf(comment){ElseIf’s text}
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslashlElseIf*{ElseIf’s text}
    ElseIf’s text is written on the same line as else if. No endif and no end of line are printed.

  • \\backslashlElse{Else’s text}
    Else’s text is written on the same line as else. No endif is printed.

  • \\backslashlElse(comment){Else’s text}
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslashlElse*{Else’s text}
    Else’s text is written on the same line as else. No endif is printed and no end of line are printed.

  • \\backslashuIf{cond}{Then’s text} (for uncomplete if)
    defines a If block unterminated like in a \\backslasheIf block, i.e. don’t print the endif or don’t put the little horizontal line in Vline mode (see examples below).

  • \\backslashuIf(comment){cond}{Then’s text}
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslashuElseIf{ElseIf’s text} (for uncomplete elseif)
    Same explanation as for \\backslashuIf but with else if.

  • \\backslashuElseIf(comment){ElseIf’s text}
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslashuElse{Else’s text} (for uncomplete else)
    Same explanation as for \\backslashuElseIf but with else.

  • \\backslashuElse{Else’s text}
    the same with comment.

  • \\backslasheIf{cond}{Then’s text}{Else’s text}
    equivalent to the use of \\backslashuIf followed by \\backslashElse.

The macros which begin with a ‘l’ (l as line) denote that the text passed in argument will be printed on the same line while with the others the text is printed in a block and shifted. You should put \\backslash; at the end of “l macros”.

The macros which begin with a ‘u’ (u as uncomplete) denote that the text passed in argument will be printed in a block not terminated by endif. They are useful to chain different alternatives.

The keywords then and else are automatically printed. cond is always printed in argument typography just behind the keyword if.

All this macros can be combined with () and \\backslashComment* macros to put comments after main keywords as If, Else or ElseIf (see list of predefined keywords above and example below).

Some examples with \SetKwIF{If}{ElseIf}{Else}{if}{then}{else if}{else}{endif} the default definition given in the package:

\SetAlgoVlined
\eIf{cond1}{
  a line\;
  a line\;
}{
  another line\;
  another line\;
}

\Longrightarrow 1if cond1 then 2       a line 3       a line 4       5else 6       another line 7       another line 8      

\SetAlgoNoLine
\If{cond2}{
  second if\;
  second if\;
}

\Longrightarrow 1if cond2 then 2      second if 3      second if 4      5      end if

\lIf{cond4}{ok} \lElse{wrong}
\leIf{cond4}{ok}{wrong}

\Longrightarrow 1if cond4 then ok 2 else wrong 3 if cond4 then ok else wrong

\SetAlgoVlined
\lIf{cond5}{cond5 true}
\uElseIf{cond51}{
  cond 5 false\;
  but cond51 true\;
}
\ElseIf{}{
  all is wrong\;
  \Return result52\;
}

\Longrightarrow 1if cond5 then cond5 true 2 else if cond51 then 3       cond 5 false 4       but cond51 true 5       6 else if  then 7       all is wrong 8       return result52 9      

\SetAlgoLined
\uIf{cond6}{
  cond6 is ok\;
  always ok\;
}
\uElseIf{cond62}{
  choose result62\;
  \Return result62\;
}
\Else{
  all is wrong\;
  do something else\;
}

\Longrightarrow 1if cond6 then 2       cond6 is ok 3       always ok 4       5 else if cond62 then 6       choose result62 7       return result62 8       9 else 10       all is wrong 11       do something else 12       13 end if

Let’s have a look at what we can do
with if-then-else and side comments\;
\eIf{if-then-else test}{
  no comment here\;
  neither in then\;
}{
  nor in else\;
}
\eIf(\tcc*[f]{then comment}){test}{
  then with a comment\;
}(\tcc*[f]{comment in else})
{
  here we are in else\;
}
\eIf(\tcc*[f]{then comment}){test}{
  again a comment in then\;
}{
  but not in else\;
}
\eIf{if-then-else test}{
  this time, no comment in then\;
}(\tcc*[f]{else comment})
{
  but one comment in else\;
}
Let’s try with other if possibilities\;
\lIf(\tcc*[h]{lif comment}){test}{text}
\uIf(\tcc*[f]{uif comment}){test}{
  then text\;
}
\uElseIf(\tcc*[f]{comment}){test}{
  elseif text\;
}
\lElseIf(\tcc*[h]{comment}){test}{text}
\lElse(\tcc*[f]{comment}){text}

\Longrightarrow 1Let’s have a look at what we can do with if-then-else and side comments 2 if if-then-else test then 3       no comment here 4       neither in then 5       6else 7       nor in else 8       9 end if 10if test then /* then comment */ 11       then with a comment 12       13else /* comment in else */ 14       here we are in else 15       16 end if 17if test then /* then comment */ 18       again a comment in then 19       20else 21       but not in else 22       23 end if 24if if-then-else test then 25       this time, no comment in then 26       27else /* else comment */ 28       but one comment in else 29       30 end if 31Let’s try with other if possibilities 32 if test then text 33 /* lif comment */ if test then /* uif comment */ 34       then text 35       36 else if test then /* comment */ 37       elseif text 38       39 else if test then text 40 /* comment */ else text   /* comment */

11.6 to define multiple condition selection:

\\backslashSetKwSwitch{Switch}{Case}{Other}{switch}{do}{case}{otherwise}{endcase}endsw

defines several macros to give a complete Switch-do-case-otherwise environment:

  • \\backslashSwitch{iden}{switch’s block}

  • \\backslashSwitch(comment){iden}{switch’s block}

  • \\backslashSwitch{iden}{switch’s block(comment)}

  • \\backslashSwitch(comment){iden}{switch’s block(comment)}

  • \\backslashCase{cond}{Case’s block}

  • \\backslashCase(comment){cond}{Case’s block}

  • \\backslashCase{cond}{Case’s block(comment)}

  • \\backslashCase(comment){cond}{Case’s block(comment)}

  • \\backslashuCase{cond}{Case’s block}

  • \\backslashuCase(comment){cond}{Case’s block}

  • \\backslashlCase{cond}{Case’s text}

  • \\backslashlCase*{cond}{Case’s text}

  • \\backslashlCase(comment){cond}{Case’s text}

  • \\backslashOther{Otherwise’s block}

  • \\backslashOther(comment){Otherwise’s block}

  • \\backslashOther{Otherwise’s block(comment)}

  • \\backslashOther(comment){Otherwise’s block(comment)}

  • \\backslashlOther{Otherwise’s text}

  • \\backslashlOther*{Otherwise’s text}

  • \\backslashlOther(comment){Otherwise’s text}

  • \\backslashuOther{Otherwise’s text}

  • \\backslashuOther{(}comment)Otherwise’s text

The keywords do and endsw are automatically printed. iden and cond are always printed in argument typography just behind the keywords Switch, Case and Otherwise. Here is an example with the default keywords:

\Switch{the value of T}{
  \uCase{a value}{
    do this\;
    do that\;
  }
  \lCase{another value}{one line}
  \Case{last value}{
    do this\;
    break\;
  }
  \Other{
    for the other values\;
    do that\;
  }
}

\Longrightarrow 1switch the value of T do 2       case a value do 3             do this 4             do that 5             6       case another value do one line 7        case last value do 8             do this 9             break 10             11       end case 12      otherwise do 13             for the other values 14             do that 15             16       end case 17       18 end switch

As for If-then-elseif-else-endif macro, you can use () to put comments after main keywords.

11.7 to define loops with ”end condition” test at the beginning

\\backslashSetKwFor{For}{for}{do}{endfor}

defines a loop environment with stop-test done at the beginning of the loop.

  • \\backslashFor{loop’s condition}{For’s text}

  • \\backslashFor(comment){loop’s condition}{For’s text}

  • \\backslashFor{loop’s condition}{For’s text(comment)}

  • \\backslashFor(comment){loop’s condition}{For’s text(comment)}

  • \\backslashlFor{loop’s condition}{For’s text}

  • \\backslashlFor(comment){loop’s condition}{For’s text}

  • \\backslashlFor*{loop’s condition}{For’s text}

The keywords do and endfor are automatically printed. The loop condition is printed in argument typography. For example:

\SetAlgoLined
\ForAll{elements of $S_1$}{
  remove an element e from $S_1$\;
  put e in the set $S_2$\;
  }
\lFor{i=1 \emph{\KwTo}max}{mark i}\;
\ForEach{$e$ in the set}{
  put $e$ in ${\cal E}$\;
  mark $e$\;
}

\Longrightarrow 1forall elements of S1S_{1} do 2       remove an element e from S1S_{1} 3       put e in the set S2S_{2} 4       5 end forall 6for i=1 tomax do mark i 7 8 foreach ee in the set do 9       put ee in {\cal E} 10       mark ee 11       12 end foreach

As for If-then-elseif-else-endif macro, you can use () to put comments after main keywords.

11.8 to define loops with ”end condition” test at the end

\\backslashSetKwRepeat{Repeat}{repeat}{until}

defines a repeat-until environment (loop with stop-test at the end of the loop):

  • \\backslashRepeat{end loop condition}{the loop}

  • \\backslashRepeat(comment after repeat){end loop condition}{the loop}

  • \\backslashRepeat{end loop condition}{the loop(comment after until)}

  • \\backslashRepeat(comment after repeat){end loop condition}{the loop(comment after until)}

  • \\backslashlRepeat{end loop condition}{only one line}

  • \\backslashlRepeat*{end loop condition}{only one line}

  • \\backslashlRepeat(comment){end loop condition}{only one line}

It prints the loop condition behind the until after the text of the loop.For example:

\Repeat{this stop condition}{
  the text of the loop\;
  another line\;
  always in the loop\;
  }
\lRepeat{stop}{a one line loop}

\Longrightarrow 1repeat 2       the text of the loop 3       another line 4       always in the loop 5       6until this stop condition 7repeat a one line loop until stop

As for If-then-elseif-else-endif macro, you can use () to put comments after main keywords.

12 Other language predefined keywords

12.1 French keywords

Hey, I am a frenchy , so I have defined the same as in section 10 but in french.

  1. 1.

    \\backslashDonnees{données}

    \\backslashRes{résultats}

    \\backslashEntree{entrées}

    \\backslashSortie{sorties}

  2. 2.

    \\backslashKwA

    \\backslashRetour{[valeur]}

  3. 3.

    \\backslashDeb{intérieur du bloc}

  4. 4.

    \\backslasheSi{condition}{bloc du alors}{bloc du sinon}

    \\backslashSi{condition}{bloc du alors}

    \\backslashuSi{condition}{bloc du alors sans fin}

    \\backslashlSi{condition}{ligne du alors}

    \\backslashSinonSi{condition}{bloc du sinonsi}

    \\backslashuSinonSi{condition}{bloc du sinonsi sans fin}

    \\backslashlSinonSi{condition}{ligne du sinonsi sans fin}

    \\backslashSinon{bloc du sinon}

    \\backslashuSinon{bloc du sinon sans fin}

    \\backslashlSinon{ligne du sinon}

  5. 5.

    \\backslashSuivant{condition}{bloc du Suivant-cas-alors} \\backslashuCas{cas où}{bloc de ce cas sans fin}

    \\backslashCas{cas où}{bloc de ce cas}

    \\backslashlCas{cas où}{ligne de ce cas}

    \\backslashAutre{bloc de l’alternative}

    \\backslashlAutre{ligne de l’alternative}

  6. 6.

    \\backslashPour{condition}{bloc de la boucle}

    \\backslashlPour{condition}{ligne de la boucle}

  7. 7.

    \\backslashTq{condition}{bloc de la boucle}

    \\backslashlTq{condition}{ligne de la boucle}

  8. 8.

    \\backslashPourCh{condition}{bloc de la boucle}

    \\backslashlPourCh{condition}{ligne de la boucle}

  9. 9.

    \\backslashPourTous{condition}{bloc de la boucle}

    \\backslashlPourTous{condition}{ligne de la boucle}

  10. 10.

    \\backslashRepeter{condition d’arrêt}{bloc de la boucle}

    \\backslashlRepeter{condition d’arrêt}{ligne de la boucle}

Here we describe how they are obtained:

  1. 1.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Donnes}{Données}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Res}{Résultat}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Entree}{Entrées}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Sortie}{Sorties}

  2. 2.

    \\backslashSetKw{KwA}{à}

    \\backslashSetKw{Retour}{retourner}

  3. 3.

    \\backslashSetKwBlock{Deb}{début}{fin}

  4. 4.

    \\backslashSetKwIF{Si}{SinonSi}{Sinon}{si}{alors}{sinon si}{alors}{finsi}

  5. 5.

    \\backslashSetKwSwitch{Suivant}{Cas}{Autre}{suivant}{faire}{cas où}{autres cas}{fin cas}fin d’alternative

  6. 6.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{Pour}{pour}{faire}{finpour}

  7. 7.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{Tq}{tant que}{faire}{fintq}

  8. 8.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{PourCh}{pour chaque}{faire}{finprch}

  9. 9.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{PourTous}{pour tous}{faire}{finprts}

  10. 10.

    \\backslashSetKwRepeat{Repeter}{répéter}{jusqu’à}

12.2 German keywords

  • \\backslashEin{Eingabe}

    \\backslashAus{Ausgabe}

    \\backslashDaten{Daten}

    \\backslashErgebnis{Ergebnis}

  • \\backslashBis{bis}

    \\backslashKwZurueck{zurück}

    \\backslashZurueck{zurück}

  • \\backslashBeginn{Beginn}

  • \\backslashWiederh{stop condition}{loop}

    \\backslashlWiederh{stop condition}{line loop}

  • \\backslasheWenn{condition}{then text}{else text}

    \\backslashWenn{condition}{then text}

    \\backslashuWenn{condition}{then text without end}

    \\backslashlWenn{condition}{then line}

    \\backslashSonstWenn{condition}{elseif text}

    \\backslashuSonstWenn{condition}{elseif text without end}

    \\backslashlSonstWenn{condition}{elseif line}

    \\backslashSonst{else text}

    \\backslashuSonst{else text without end}

    \\backslashlSonst{else line}

  • \\backslashUnterscheide{conditions}switch-case-default text\\backslashFall{case of}{text}

    \\backslashuFall{case of}{text}

    \\backslashlFall{case of}{line text}

    \\backslashAnderes{default text}

    \\backslashlAnderes{default line}

  • \\backslashFuer{condition}{loop}

    \\backslashlFuer{condition}{line loop}

  • \\backslashFuerPar{condition}{loop}

    \\backslashlFuerPar{condition}{line}

  • \\backslashFuerJedes{condition}{loop}

    \\backslashlFuerJedes{condition}{line}

  • \\backslashFuerAlle{condition}{loop}

    \\backslashlFuerAlle{condition}{line}Ende

  • \\backslashSolange{condition}{loop}Ende

    \\backslashlSolange{condition}{line}

Here we describe how they are obtained:

  • \\backslashSetKwInput{Ein}{Eingabe}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Aus}{Ausgabe}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Daten}{Daten}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Ergebnis}{Ergebnis}

  • \\backslashSetKw{Bis}{bis}

    \\backslashSetKw{KwZurueck}{zurück}

    \\backslashSetKw{Zurueck}{zurück}

  • \\backslashSetKwBlock{Beginn}{Beginn}{Ende}

  • \\backslashSetKwRepeat{Wiederh}{wiederhole}{bis}

  • \\backslashSetKwIF{Wenn}{SonstWenn}{Sonst}{wenn}{dann}{sonst wenn}{sonst}{Ende}

  • \\backslashSetKwSwitch{Unterscheide}{Fall}{Anderes}{unterscheide}{tue}{Fall}{sonst}{Ende Fall}Ende.

  • \\backslashSetKwFor{Fuer}{für}{tue}{Ende}

  • \\backslashSetKwFor{FuerPar}{für}{tue gleichzeitig}{Ende}

  • \\backslashSetKwFor{FuerJedes}{für jedes}{tue}{Ende}

  • \\backslashSetKwFor{FuerAlle}{für alle}{tue}{Ende}

  • \\backslashSetKwFor{Solange}{solange}{tue}{Ende}

12.3 Spanish keywords

  1. 1.

    \\backslashDatos{Datos}

    \\backslashResultado{Resultado}

    \\backslashEntrada{Entrada}

    \\backslashSalida{Salida}

  2. 2.

    \\backslashKwA

    \\backslashDevolver{[value]}

  3. 3.

    \\backslashInicio{inside block}

  4. 4.

    \\backslasheSSi{condition}{then block}{else block}

    \\backslashSSi{condition}{then block}

    \\backslashuSSi{condition}{then block without end}

    \\backslashlSSi{condition}{then line}

    \\backslashEnOtroCasoSi{condition}{elseif block}

    \\backslashuEnOtroCasoSi{condition}{elseif block}

    \\backslashlEnOtroCasoSi{condition}{elseif line without end}

    \\backslashEnOtroCaso{else block}

    \\backslashuEnOtroCaso{else block without end}

    \\backslashlEnOtroCaso{else line}

  5. 5.

    \\backslashSeleccionar{condition}{Seleccionar caso block} \\backslashuSeleccionar{seleccionar}{caso block without end}

    \\backslashCaso{seleccionar}{caso block}

    \\backslashlCaso{seleccionar}{caso line}

    \\backslashOtro{sinó block}

    \\backslashlOtro{sinó line}

  6. 6.

    \\backslashPara{condition}{loop block}

    \\backslashlPara{condition}{loop line}

  7. 7.

    \\backslashParaPara{condition}{loop block}

    \\backslashlParaPara{condition}{loop line}

  8. 8.

    \\backslashMientras{condition}{loop block}

    \\backslashlMientras{condition}{loop line}

  9. 9.

    \\backslashParaCada{condition}{loop block}

    \\backslashlParaCada{condition}{loop line}

  10. 10.

    \\backslashParaTodo{condition}{loop block}

    \\backslashlParaTodo{condition}{loop line}

  11. 11.

    \\backslashRepetir{stop condition}{loop block}

    \\backslashlRepetir{stop condition}{line loop}

Here we describe how they are obtained:

  1. 1.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Datos}{Datos}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Resultado}{Resultado}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Entrada}{Entrada}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Salida}{Salida}

  2. 2.

    \\backslashSetKw{KwA}{a}

    \\backslashSetKw{Devolver}{devolver}

  3. 3.

    \\backslashSetKwBlock{Inicio}{inicio}{fin}

  4. 4.

    \\backslashSetKwIF{SSi}{EnOtroCasoSi}{EnOtroCaso}{si}{entonces}{sinó, si}{sinó}{fin si}

  5. 5.

    \\backslashSetKwSwitch{Seleccionar}{Caso}{Otro}{seleccionar}{hacer}{caso}{sinó}{fin caso}fin seleccionar

  6. 6.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{Para}{para}{hacer}{fin para}

  7. 7.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{ParaPara}{par}{hacer en paralelo}{fin para}

  8. 8.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{Mientras}{mientras}{hacer}{fin mientras}

  9. 9.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{ParaCada}{ParaCada}{hacer}{fin para cada}

  10. 10.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{ParaTodo}{para todo}{hacer}{fin para todo}

  11. 11.

    \\backslashSetKwRepeat{Repetir}{repetir}{hasta que}

12.4 Italian keywords

  • \\backslashKwIng{Ingresso}

    \\backslashKwUsc{Uscita}

    \\backslashKwDati{Dati}

    \\backslashKwRisult{Risultato}

  • \\backslashKwA

    \\backslashKwRitorna{ritorna}

    \\backslashRitorna{ritorna}

  • \\backslashInizio{inside block}

  • \\backslashRipeti{stop condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlRipeti{stop condition}{line of the loop}

  • \\backslasheSea{condition}{then block}{else block}

    \\backslash{condition}{then block}

    \\backslashuSea{condition}{then block without end}

    \\backslashlSea{condition}{then’s line text}

    \\backslashAltSe{else block}

    \\backslashuAltSe{else block without else}

    \\backslashlAltSe{else’s line text}

    \\backslashAltrimenti{condition}{elseif block}

    \\backslashuAltrimenti{condition}{elseif block without end}

    \\backslashlAltrimenti{condition}{elseif’s line text}

  • \\backslashSwitch{condition}{Switch block}

    \\backslashCase{a case}{case block}

    \\backslashuCase{a case}{case block without end}

    \\backslashlCase{a case}{case’s line}

    \\backslashOther{otherwise block}

    \\backslashlOther{otherwise’s line}

  • \\backslashPer{condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlPer{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashPerPar{condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlPerPar{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashPerCiascun{condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlPerCiascun{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashPerTutti{condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlPerTutti{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashFinche{stop condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlFinche{stop condition}{text loop}

Here we describe how they are obtained:

  1. 1.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{KwIng}{Ingresso}

  2. 2.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{KwUsc}{Uscita}

  3. 3.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{KwDati}{Dati}

  4. 4.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{KwRisult}{Risultato}

  5. 5.

    \\backslashSetKw{KwA}{a}

  6. 6.

    \\backslashSetKw{KwRitorna}{ritorna}

  7. 7.

    \\backslashSetKw{Ritorna}{ritorna}

  8. 8.

    \\backslashSetKwBlock{Inizio}{inizio}{fine}

  9. 9.

    \\backslashSetKwRepeat{Ripeti}{ripeti}{finch }

  10. 10.

    \\backslashSetKwIF{Sea}{AltSe}{Altrimenti}{se}{allora}{altrimenti se}{allora}{fine se}

  11. 11.

    \\backslashSetKwSwitch{Switch}{Case}{Other}{switch}{do}{case}{otherwise}{endcase}endsw

  12. 12.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{Per}{per}{fai}{fine per}

  13. 13.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{PerPar}{per}{fai in parallelo}{fine per}

  14. 14.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{PerCiascun}{per ciascun}{fai}{fine per ciascun}

  15. 15.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{PerTutti}{per tutti i}{fai}{fine per tutti}

  16. 16.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{Finche}{finch }{fai}{fine finch }

12.5 Portuguese keywords

  • \\backslashEntrada{Entrada}

    \\backslashSaida{Saída}

    \\backslashDados{Dados}

    \\backslashResultado{Resultado}

  • \\backslashAte

    \\backslashKwRetorna{[val]}

    \\backslashRetorna{[val]}

  • \\backslashIniciob{inside block}

  • \\backslasheSe{condition}{then block}{else block}

    \\backslashSe{condition}{then block}

    \\backslashuSe{condition}{then block without end}

    \\backslashlSe{condition}{then’s line text}

    \\backslashSenao{else block}

    \\backslashuSenao{else block without else}

    \\backslashlSenao{else’s line text}

    \\backslashSenaoSe{condition}{elseif block}

    \\backslashuSenaoSe{condition}{elseif block without end}

    \\backslashlSenaoSe{condition}{elseif’s line text}

  • \\backslashSelec{condition}{Switch block}

    \\backslashCaso{a case}{case block}

    \\backslashuCaso{a case}{case block without end}

    \\backslashlCaso{a case}{case’s line}

    \\backslashOutro{otherwise block}

    \\backslashlOutro{otherwise’s line}

  • \\backslashPara{condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlPara{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashParaPar{condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlParaPar{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashParaCada{condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlParaCada{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashParaTodo{condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlParaTodo{condition}{line text loop}

  • \\backslashEnqto{stop condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlEnqto{stop condition}{text loop}

  • \\backslashRepita{stop condition}{text loop}

    \\backslashlRepita{stop condition}{line of the loop}

Here we describe how they are obtained:

  1. 1.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Entrada}{Entrada}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Saida}{Saída}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Dados}{Dados}

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Resultado}{Resultado}

  2. 2.

    \\backslashSetKw{Ate}{até} \\backslashSetKw{KwRetorna}{retorna}

    \\backslashSetKw{Retorna}{retorna}

  3. 3.

    \\backslashSetKwBlock{Inicio}{início}{fim}

  4. 4.

    \\backslashSetKwIF{Se}{SenaoSe}{Senao}{se}{então}{senão se}{senão}{fim se}

  5. 5.

    \\backslashSetKwSwitch{Selec}{Caso}{Outro}{selecione}{faça}{caso}{senão}{fim caso}fim selec

  6. 6.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{Para}{para}{faça}{fim para}

  7. 7.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{ParaPar}{para}{faça em paralelo}{fim para}

  8. 8.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{ParaCada}{para cada}{faça}{fim para cada}

  9. 9.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{ParaTodo}{para todo}{faça}{fim para todo}

  10. 10.

    \\backslashSetKwFor{Enqto}{enquanto}{faça}{fim enqto}

  11. 11.

    \\backslashSetKwRepeat{Repita}{repita}{até}

12.6 Some Czech keywords

Here are some czech keywords, please feel free to send me the others.

  • \\backslashVst

  • \\backslashVyst

  • \\backslashVysl

How they are obtained:

  1. 1.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Vst}Vstup

  2. 2.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Vyst}Výstup

  3. 3.

    \\backslashSetKwInput{Vysl}Výsledek

13 Known bugs

  • no more known bugs actually; if you find one, please send it to me.

Release notes

%   -  July 18 2017 - revision 5.2
%   * FIX: There was an overfull box 0.8pt with boxruled algorithm. This
%          is fixed.
% * FIX: problem when mixing caption package and figure option. This bug
%        was partially corrected in 5.0 for one side document but with
%        false indentation and not working for two side document. This
%        is now fully fixed.
% * FIX: misaligned lines numbers with noline option
% * FIX: Fix croation keywords thanks to Ivan Kolan
% * FIX: there was an overfull hbox of 8.5pt when using [H] and ruled
%        caption. This is fixed.
% * FIX: \SetCustomAlgoRuledWidth only changed midrule. This is fixed,
%        it changes all the rules
% -  October 19 2015 - revision 5.1
% * CHANGE/ADD: l commands  (the ones as \lIf) can now be used with a
%            star. If done, no end of line are done, so you can enclose
%            l command into another one. For example, you can write:
%            \lForEach{$i$}{\lIf*{foo}{bar}}.
%             Note that when you use a star, side comments are not allowed.
% * CHANGE/ADD: Now you can have a side comment at end of macros which
%             have a block. For example you can do :
%             \Begin(\tcc*[h]{side comment for begin}{
%               text}(\tcc*[h]{side comment after end})
%             Note: there are some side effects for some commands:
%            \SetKwProg : macro defined thanks to \SetKwProg are allowed
%                                 to have no end marker. In this case,
%                                 beware to end side comment, this can
%                                 do weird output (but no error)
% * CHANGE: \SetKwSwitch defines also an \uOther command which was not
%             the case until this release.
% * CHANGE: \SetStartEndCondition{typo1}{typo2}{typo3} defined two end
%             conditions (type2 and typo3) : typo3 is no more used for
%             case condition as typo2 is used which is more consistent
%             since there is a condition followed by a keyword as for
%             if-then or other command that are defined using typo2.
% * CHANGE: keywords was not language dependant to allow to use multiple
%           languages in the same document, but some keywords in
%           different language were having the same keyword that lead
%           last one declared to replace first one and so you could have some
%           spanish keywords printed as you were in portuguese. So
%           this behavior is changed from now:
%           - localized keywords are defined if according language
%             option is defined ;
%           - if you want to keep old behaviour and use localized
%             keywords without using language option (keep old
%             behavior), you can use languagekw option
%             (e.g. frenchkw, germankw, ...). Note that you can use
%             multiple languagekw options at the same time, in
%             contrary of language option. Note also that if you use
%             multiple languagekw options, you can get back the same
%             problem as previously when keywords was not language
%             dependant.
% * ADD: new typo styles:
%             - Arguments of functions have now their own style. By
%                default, FuncArgSty is the same as ArgSty.
%             - Name of KwProg have now their own sty (they used ArgSty
%                previously). By default, ProgSty is still ArgSty.
%             As usual, \SetFuncArgSty{}, FuncArgSty{} and
%             \SetProgSty{}, ProgSty{} are macros to set and use these
%             typo styles.
% * ADD: Options to manage algorithm hangindent
%        Until this revision, long statement acts as classical text and
%        continue on next line starting from the same point. This makes
%        difficult to notice that the new lines of text is not a new
%        statement. Now, hangindent is managed and when a long
%        statement continue on next lines, lines, except the first,
%        are indented.
%        Option: noalgohanging
%          By default, long statement are indented on subsequent
%          lines; with this option you get old behavior and lines are
%          no more indented
%        Option: hangingcomment
%          Comment that are alone on a line (not side comment) are
%          not driven by algo hanging: subsequent lines of long
%          comments are indented according to width of start comment
%          marker. With this option, comment are indented like normal
%          statement.
%        Option: hanginginout
%          As for comment, by default, in/out keywords and input
%          keywords (defined by \SetKwInOut or \SetKwInput) are not
%          indented by algorithm hangindent. They are indented
%          according to width of input keyword. If you want that these
%          keywords acts like normal statement, use this option.
%        \SetAlgoHangIndent{length}
%          This macro allows you to set your own indent length. By
%          default, \SetAlgoHangIndent{0.5em}
% * ADD: Group markers.
%        This option is related to block markers of release 5.0. Some
%        have ask to put also block markers for single line
%        command. This new feature has been implemented to do this.
%        So, you can now ask package to put begin and end keywords
%        automatically at start and end of single line command (see
%        example in documentation).
%        These new group markers macros are:
%        - \AlgoDisplayGroupMarkers and \AlgoDontDisplayGroupMarkers
%        Note that a new option has also been added: displaygroupmarkers
% * ADD: \SetCustomAlgoRuledWidth{length}
%        set a custom ruled width of ruled and algoruled options ;
%        note that by the moment you use this macro, rules will have
%        this fixed length: this can cause strange behavior in
%        multicolumn mode or other layout that change the line
%        width.
% * ADD: turkish language option
% * FIX: a spurious whitespace which results in a spurious indent in the
%         user’s text right after the end of the algorithm environment
%         was introduced  in release 5.0. This is fixed now thanks to
%         Alexander Malkis.
% * FIX: there was a problem with margins in caption when option figure
%         was use with caption package. This is fixed.
% * FIX: when changing font size in caption with, interline skip stayed
%         unchanged and so with a small font was to large. This is fixed.
% * FIX: in contrary of that is written in the documentation, ’:’ what
%         not in KwSty typo for KwIn and KwOut command. This is fixed.
% * FIX: strange behaviour with label and lines numbered: @currentlabel
%         was updated according to algo line number not in all
%         situation. For e.g, with hyperref package, always updated ;
%         with \nlset also updated, but with \nl or linesnumbered
%         option, not updated. This "feature" causes different output
%         with \label command according to options used which is not
%         that one want. This is solved now, and @currentlabel is
%         always updated so \label command works always is the same way.
% * FIX: some czech keywords
% * FIX: some spanish keywords
% * FIX: some croatian keywords
% * FIX: krantz class changes definition of chapter and get one more
%         option that classical classes as book.cls or report.cls and
%         broke fix for hyperref on chapter definition. This is now
%         fixed and algorithm detects use of krantz class and use then
%         a definition of chapter working with krantz class.
% * FIX: an issue with internal macro which causes ([Q]) use as argument
%         of some environment to be misprinted (thanks to Martin Schr der).
% * FIX: mispelled name of hyperrefcounter inside internal macro.
%
% - January 6 2013 - revision 5.0
% * CHANGE: SetKwSwith takes now 9 args: 9th arg is the same as
%            previous 8th arg (’end of switch’ keyword). New 8th arg is
%            ’end of case’ keyword. This is due to change of release
%            3.2 which introduce end after case block... as I never
%            test with longend option, I never see that the ’end
%            switch’ used for case was not good.
% * CHANGE: when no end keyword is defined in a block macro, then
%            algorithm2e does no more try to print it. So even with lined or noline
%            option, no empty line is printed (before: a blank end was
%            printed, so a blank line appeared)
% * Internal Change: add some internal function to improve readibility
%                    (thanks to Philip K. F. H\ lzenspies)
% * ADD: Block markers.
%        You can now ask package to put begin and end keywords automatically at begin
%        and end of blocks, it means each group of commands shifted and enclosed in
%        braces.
%        This is tricky to use but, combined with \SetStartEndCondition and
%        redefinition of keywords, you should be abble to simulate any syntax. See
%        examples in documentation where a generic example is derived in pseudo-code,
%        python and C by keeping code and changing only style using block markers
%        macros, \SetStartEndCondition and some redefinition of keywords.
%        These new block markers macros are:
%        - \AlgoDisplayBlockMarkers and \AlgoDontDisplayBlockMarkers
%        - \SetAlgoBlockMarkers{begin marker}{end marker}
%        - \BlockMarkersSty{text} and \SetBlockMarkersSty
%        Note that a new option has also been added: displayblockmarkers
% * ADD: \leIf macro automatically defined by \SetKw: allow to define
%        an if-then-else on a single line.
% * ADD: new macro \SetStartEndCondition{typo1}{typo2}{typo3} which
%        sets typo around condition in For, If, Switch, Case and
%        Repeat macros. First two are used around For, If, Swith
%        conditions, First and third are used for Case and Repeat
%        condition. Default definition is \SetStartEndCondition{ }{ }{}.
%        A common alternative is \SetStartEndCondition{ (}{) }{)}
%        Can also be used to remove space around condition, for
%        example if you want python style commands:
%        \SetStartEndCondition{ }{}{} and \SetKwFor{For}{for}{:}{}
% * ADD: new environment algomathdisplay which allow display math (like inside \[ \] or $$ $$)
%        handling end line and line number
% * ADD: new command \SetKwProg{Env}{Title}{ is}{end} which defines a macro
%        \Env{args}{text}. Env is a block with ’Title’ (in \CapSty) at the beginning
%        followed by args followed by ’is’ then ’text’ is put below inside a block ended
%        by ’end’. If no ’end’ is specified, nothing is written (no
%        blank line is inserted). Useful to typeset function or prog for example:
%        \SetKwProg{Fn}{Function}{ is}{end} makes \Fn{afunc(i: int) : int}{return 0\;}
%        writes:
%        Function afunc(i: int) : int is
%        | return 0;
%        end
%        or \SetKwProg{Def}{def}{:}{} makes \Def{afunc(i: int)}{return 0\;} writes:
%        def afunc(i: int):
%        | return 0
%        Tip: combine it with \SetKwFunction to write recursive function algorithm. With
%        example above, you could define \SetKwFunction{\Afunc}{afunc} and then write:
%        Def{\Afunc{i:int}{\eIf{i>0}{\KwRet \Afunc{i-1}}{\KwRet 0\;}} that writes:
%        def afunc(i: int):
%        | if(i>0):
%        |     return afunc(i-1)
%        | else:
%        |     return 0
%        with appropriate typo.
% * ADD: option croatian: croatian keywords (thanks to Ivan Gavran)
% * ADD: option ngerman: same as german option but so can be used with global option ngerman
%        of babel
% * ADD: option spanish: Spanish support (thanks to Mario Abarca)
% * ADD: unterminated block: useful to add part separator that doesn’t necessary need an end
%        keyword.
%        Designed on the pattern of unterminated if (see \uIf macro) allowing to
%        add a block that is not terminated by a keyword. Such block are defined in the same
%        time as a block is defined by adding a macro beginning with u. So, for example,
%        predefined \SetKwBlock{Begin}{begin}{end} defines now two commands:
%        - \Begin{} as previously which print a begin - end block
%        - \uBegin{} that defines a begin only block
% * FIX: dotocloa option which was broken
% * FIX: uIf and uCase didn’t have same behavior when used with
%        noline, vlined or lined option. This is fixed. Side effect: no empty
%        line after an uIf or uCase when used with options lined or vlined
% * FIX: a bug with Repeat Until command when use with side comment on Until
% * FIX: a bug with side text -- text put into () -- of command macro (SetKwIf and so on)
%        which was always setting a ’;’ even after a \DontPrintSemicolon
% * FIX: a bug with hyperref and chapter definition (thanks to Hubert Meier)
% * FIX: bugs with l macro and side comment
% * FIX: revision number
% * FIX: fix non ascii character (utf8 not yet recognized by all latex engine)
% * FIX: fnum@algocf had an useless parameter which sometimes broke expansion and output an error
% * FIX: works now with multicol package

List of Algorithms

\@starttoc

loa

Index